LIV 



[ 500 ] 



LOB 



Orange. April. 



L. modefsta (unassuming). 2$ 

 S. Africa. 1853. 



LIVERY. Soil that is dug or moved 

 fjbout whilst wet is liable to set close 

 together like mortar, and is said to be 

 livery, or like liver. 



LIVISTO'XIA. (Named after P. Murray, 

 of Livingston, near Edinbui'gh. Nat. 

 ord., Palms [Palmacese]. Linn., Q-Hex- 

 andria 3-Trigynia. Allied to Corypha.) 



Greenhouse Palms, from New Holland. Seeds 

 in a hotbed ; rich, sandy loam. Summer temp,, 

 60 to 80; winter, 50 to 60. 

 L. hu'milis (humble). 6. 1824. 

 ine'rmis (unarmed). 10. 1824. 



LLOY'DIA. (Named after Mr. Lloyd, 

 an English botanist. Nat. ord., Lily worts 

 [Liliacese]. Linn., 6-Hexandria l-Mono- 

 gynia. Allied to Calochortus.) 



Hardy biennial. Division of the bulbs in 

 spring ; a dry, sandy loam, in front of a border 

 of flowers. 



L. stria 1 'ta (streaked). White-striped. May. 

 Siberia. l?8p. 



LOAM is a very indefinite term, almost 

 every cultivator of the soil associating it 

 with a different explanation. In some 

 parts of England clay is so called, and 

 in others it is employed to designate 

 brick-earth! As usually employed, it 

 really is only synonymous with the word 

 soil; for it has to be qualified by the 

 terms turfy, sandy, clayey, and chalky, 

 just as turf, sand, clay, or chalk predo- 

 minates. Hazel loam is a rich, friable 

 soil, having a dark brown, or hazel co- 

 lour, owing to the predominance of de- 

 caying vegetable matters. 



In this work we use the term loam to 

 describe a soil that is easily worked at 

 any season, being sufficiently retentive, 

 yet not too retentive, of water. Maiden 

 loam is iised often among gardeners to 

 describe the fat earth forming the top 

 spit of pasture-ground, and used by them 

 for composts: that with a yellowish- 

 brown colour is most preferred. Sandy 

 loams are the easiest worked, and yield 

 the earliest produce ; chalky loams, if the 

 chalk does not abound too much, are 

 early and fertile; in fact, no soil will 

 continue fertile without calcareous mat- 

 ter ; and clayey loams are bad to work, 

 either in wet or dry weather, being wet 

 and sticky in the one case, and hard and 

 cracking in the other. Fine late crops, 

 however, are produced from such soils, 

 especially when the surface is moved to 

 prevent cracking in hot weather. 



LOA'SA. (Meaning unknown; proba- 



bly a commemorative name* Nat. ord./ 

 Loasads [Loasacese]. Linn., IQ-Polya- 

 delphia %-Polyandria.) 



Curious flowers, that would be ?ery interesting, 

 were it not for the poisonous, stinging property 

 possessed by the leaves. The annoyance and 

 danger combined have limited their culture. 

 They will all fare the better by being raised ia 

 a gentle hotbed in April, though most of them 

 will flower freely if sown in a warm place the end 

 of that month ; but in a cold autumn they would 

 be cut down in their prime ; light soil. 



ANNUALS. 

 L. aflba (white). 1. White. July. Chili. 1831. 



grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). 2. Yellow. Peru. 



1825. 



hi'spida (bristly). 2. Yellow. July. Lima. 1830. 



ni'tida (shining). 2. Yellow. July. Chili. 1822, 



pa' tula (spreading). 1. Yellow. July. Chili. 



1827. 



Pla'cei (Place's). 4. Yellow. July. Chili. 1822. 



volu'bilis (twining). 1$. Yellow. June. Chili. 



1824. 



GREENHOUSE BIENNIALS. 

 L. lateri'tia(rt&). 20. Red. May. Tucuman. 1835. 



Pentla'ndii (Mr. Pentland's). 4. Orange. 



August. Peru. 1840. 

 GREENHOUSE EVERGREENS. 

 L, inca'na (hoary). 2. White. October. Peru. 

 1820. 



In'eida (bright-footed) , White. June. 



LOAVING. See HEADING. 



LOBE'LIA. (Named after M. Label, 

 a botanist, physician to James I. Nat. 

 ord., Lobeliads [Lobeliaeese], Linn., 5- 

 Pentandria I-Monogynia.) 



Seeds of hardy kinds in open border, in April 5 

 greenhouse annuals and biennials, by seed ia 

 hotbed, in April; herbaceous kinds, whether 

 hardy or requiring protection, by dividing the 

 roots or suckers in spring, after growth has com- 

 menced ; shrubby kinds, by small cuttings of the 

 young shoots ; indeed, all of them may be so 

 propagated ; sandy loam, leaf-mould, and a little 

 peat suit the tenderest kinds, and for the strong- 

 growing, herbaceous sorts, such as sple'ndens and 

 cardina'lis, it is scarcely possible to make the 

 soil too rich by top-dressings of rotten dung ; the 

 soil itself should be light. The finest of the 

 species must be kept in a cold pit or greenhouse 

 during the winter ; lacu'stris has been grown in 

 peat and gravel, in a pot, plunged in a cistern or 

 slowly-running stream. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



L. a'nceps (two-edged). $. Blue. June. Cape 

 of Good Hope. 1818. 



campanula 1 ta (\tz\\-flowered). $. Blue. June. 



Cape of Good Hope. 1821. 



Cliffortia'na (Clifford's). l. Pink. July. 



N. Amer. 



fenestru'lis (windowed). . Blue. July. 

 Mexico. 1824. 



semila'ta (saw-edged). $. Blue. June. Spain, 



1820. 



GREENHOUSE ANNUALS. 



L. bi'color (two-coloured). . Pale blue. July. 

 Cape of Good Hope. 1795. 



gra'cilis (slender). 1. flwk blue, July. N. 



S. Wales. 1801. 



