PAB 



[ 607 ] 



PAK 



others. The minute fungi which consti- 

 tute the mildew are also parasites. There 

 is some doubt whether the Ivy is at all 

 parasitical ; but whether it derives nourish- 

 ment or not from trees, it certainly checks 

 the respiration, and prevents the free 

 access of light and air to those upon 

 which it attaches. The orchidaceous 

 plants which grow upon dead wood as 

 readily as upon living timber are not 

 parasites. 



PARASTRA'NTHUS. (From parastrepho, 

 to invert, and anthos, a flower ; referring 

 to the inverted position of the flowers. 

 Nat.ord.,i0&eZiarfs [Lobeliaceee], Linn., 

 5-Pentandria l-Monogynia. Allied to the 

 Lobelia.) 



Half-hardy herbaceous perennials, from the 

 Cape of Good Hope. Seeds and cuttings of the 

 young shoots in spring and autumn; sandy loam 

 and leaf-mould. A cool greenhouse or cold pit in 

 winter ; the flower-border in summer. 

 P. si' mplex (simple-stalked}. %. Yellow. June. 17/4. 



unidenta'ta (one-toothed). $. Blue. July. 1794. 



variifo'lia (various-leaved). 1. Yellow. June. 



1812. 



PAEDA'NTHUS. (From pardos, a leo- 

 pard, and anthos, a flower; referring to 

 the spotted flowers. Nat. ord., Irids 

 [Iridaceae]. Linn., 3-Triandria l-Mono- 

 yynia. Allied to Aristea.) 



Hardy, herbaceous, orange-flowered perennials. 

 Seeds or divisions in spring ; rich, sandy loam ; 

 a sheltered border in winter. 

 P. Chine'nsis (Chinese). 2. June. China, 1759. 



Nepale'nsis (Nepaulese). 2. June. Nepaul. 1523. 



PAREIRA BRAVA HOOT. Cissa'mpelos. 



PARINA'RIUM. (From parinari, the 

 Guianan name. Nat. ord., Chrysobalans 

 [Chrysobalanaceae]. Linn., 7-Heptandria 

 l-3fonogynia.) 



The rough-skinned or grey plum is the pro- 

 duce of P. exce'hum. Stove evergreens. Cuttings 

 of ripe shoots in spring, in sand, under a glass, in 

 bottom-heat; sandy loam and dried leaf-mould. 

 Winter temp., 50 to 55 ; summer, 60 to 85. 

 P. campe'stre (field). 6. Yellow. Guiana. 1824. 



exce'Lsum (tall). 60. White. Sierra Leone. 1822. 

 macruphy'Uum (large-leaved). 3. White. Sierra 



Leone. 1822. 



PARING and BURNING are never to be 

 practised by the gardener, except for the 

 purpose of charring the turf, and render- 

 ing porous the soil cut from the banks of 

 clayey ditches. When this is carefully 

 done, a serviceable dressing is obtained. 

 .But paring and burning, as a general 

 practice, is extremely wasteful ; and, 

 though it may give a good crop immedi- 

 ately afterwards, never fails, by speedy 

 exhaustion, to demonstrate how great 

 has been the dispersion of carbonaceous' 

 matter. 



PARIVO'A. (The name in Guiana. Nat. 

 ord., Leguminous Plants [Fabaeese], 

 Linn., 17-&iadclphia 4,-Decandria. Allied 

 to Amherstia.) 



Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings in spring, in a 

 hotbed; loam and leaf-mould. Winter temp., 

 50 to 60 ; summer, 60 to 85. 

 P. grandiflo'ra (large- flowered). 30. Purple. 

 Guiana. 1821. 



PARK, in the modern acceptation of the 

 word, is an extensive adorned inclosure 

 surrounding the house and gardens, and 

 affording pasturage either to deer or 

 cattle. But a park, strictly and legally, 

 is a large extent of a man's own ground 

 inclosed and privileged for wild beasts of 

 chase by prescription or by royal grant. 



PARKE'RIA. (Named after C. S. Parker, 

 its discoverer. Nat. ord., Ferns [Poly- 

 podiacece]. Linn., 24 - Cryptogamia 1- 

 Filices,} 



Stove Ferns. See FERNS. 



P. am>sfr'e#oi'd<?s(acrostichum-like). Pale yellow. 

 July. N. Amer. 1827, 



Lockha'rti (Lockhart's). Brown. May .Trinidad. 



1834. 



pteroi'des (pteris-like). $. Brown. August. 



Essequibo. 1825. 



PA'RKIA. Nitta-tree. (Named after 

 Mungo Park, the African traveller. Nat. 

 ord., Leguminous Plants [Fabacese]. 

 Linn., 16 - Monadelphia 6 - Decandria. 

 Allied to Mimosa.) 



Stove evergreen trees, with crimson flowers, 

 from Sierra Leone. Cuttings of half -ripened 

 shoots in sand, in heat, under a bell-glass, in May ; 

 sandy peat and loam. Winter temp., 48 to 50; 

 summer, 60 to 80. 

 P. Africa'na (African). 30. March. 1822. 



uniglobo'sa (one-globed-Jlowered). 30. March. 



1822. 



PARKINSO'NIA. (Named after J. Par- 

 kinson, a botanical author. Nat. ord.j 

 Leguminous Plants [Fabacese]. Linn., 

 IQ-Decandria I-Monogynia. Allied to 

 Gymnocladus.) 



Stove evergreen shrub. Seeds, when obtainable ; 

 cuttings of half-ripened shoots, treated like Parkia. 

 P. aculea'ta (prickly). 12. Yellow. W. Ind. 1739. 

 PARNA'SSIA. Grass of Parnassus. 

 (Named after Mount Parnassus, where, 

 from the elegance of these plants, they 

 were fabulously said to have first sprang. 

 Nat. ord., Tutsans [Hypericacese]. Linn., 

 5- Pentandria 3-Tetragyn ia. ) 



P. palu'stris is one of our prettiest British 

 marsh plants. Hardy, herbaceous, white-flowered 

 perennials. Seeds and divisions in spring ; shady, 

 marshy places. 



P. asarifo'lia (asarum-leaved). *. July. N. Amer. 

 1812. 



Carolinia'na (Carolina). J. May. N. Amr. 1802. 



