PIP 



[ 642] 



PIS 



ing in the cost. For draining, earthen 

 pipes with a bore an inch in diameter are 

 the hest. 



TABLE of the quantity of pipe, four inches di- 

 ameter, which will heat one thousand cubic feet 

 of air per minute, any required number of de- 

 grees ; the temperature of the pipe being 200 

 Fahrenheit. 



To ascertain by the above table the 

 quantity of pipe which will heat one 

 thousand cubic feet of air per minute, 

 find, in the first column, the tempera 

 ture corresponding to that of the ex- 

 ternal air, and in one of the other co- 

 lumns find the temperature of the room ; 

 then, in this latter column, and on the 

 line which corresponds with the external 

 temperature, the required number of feet 

 of pipe will be found. 



PIPEWOBT. Eriocau'lon. 



PIPING, a mode of propagating the 

 Carnation, Picotee, and Pink, is only 

 another word for a cutting. Some per- 

 sons pull off the pipings from the plant, 

 and stick them in without more ado, but 

 this is a slovenly way ; besides, in pulling 

 off the pipings, the main stem of the 

 plant ia materially injured, and often de- 

 stroyed. The more correct way is, with a 

 sharp knife, to cut off the side shoot 

 close to the stem, without injuring it, 

 leaving a sufficient number of shoots to 

 preserve tbe health of the plant. Take 

 off one kind at once, making the proper 

 number or tally at the same time ; then 



dress the pipings by cutting off the lower 

 leaves, leaving about four at the top. 

 These four leaves should not be muti- 

 lated or shortened, as they are the organs 

 to send down sap to form the roots. Put 

 the pipings in pots filled with light earth, 

 and a covering of sand upon it. Place them 

 in a frame with a little bottom-heat, wa- 

 tering gently when dry, and shading from 

 the sun until they are ripened. See CAB- 

 NATION. 



PIPTA'NTHUS. (From pipto, to fall, and 

 anthos, a flower; short duration of the 

 flowers. Nat. ord., Leguminous Plants 

 [Fabacese], Linn., I0-J)ecandria l-Mono- 

 gynia. Allied to Anagyris.) 



Hardy deciduous shrub. Seeds, which ripen 

 freely ; cuttings of ripe shoots under a hand-light ; 

 layers ; cuttings, also, of roots ; rich, sandy loam ; 

 should have the protection of a wall in exposed, 

 cold places, far north of London. 

 P. Nepalc'nsis (Nepaulese). 10. Yellow. May. 

 Nepaul. 1821. 



PIQUE'EIA. (Named after A. Piqneria, 

 a Spanish botanist, Nat. ord., Composites 

 [Asteracea}]. Linn,, 1Q - Syngenesia 1- 

 JEqualis, ) 



Hardy herbaceous perennial. Seeds, but chiefly 

 division in spring; common soil. 

 P. trine'rma (three-nerved). 2. White. July. 

 Mexico. 1798. 



PISCI'DIA. Jamaica Dogwood. (From 

 piscis, a fish, and cado, to kill; the leaves, 

 twigs, and bark are used to stupefy fish. 

 Nat. ord., Leguminous Plants [Fabacefe], 

 Linn, IG-Monadelphia Q-Decandtici. Al- 

 lied to Andira.) 



Stove evergreen, white-flowered trees, from the 

 West Indies. Cuttings of half-ripened shoots in 

 sand, under a glass, in heat ; sandy, fihry loam. 

 Winter temp,, 48 Q to 60; summer, "60 to 85. 

 P. Cnrthitgine'nsis (Carthagena). 30. 1600. 

 erythri'na (red). 25. 1690. 



PISTA'CIA. Pistachia-tree. (Altered 

 from its Arabic name, Foustag, Nat. ord., 

 Terebinths [Anacardiace.se]. Linn., 22- 

 Dicecia 5 Pentandria. Allied to Schinus.) 



P. Atla'ntica and lenti'scus yield the useful resin 

 called mastich. Seed nuts; layers and cuttings ; 

 rich, deep, sandy loam. Those from Barbary and 

 the South of Europe require the protection of a 

 greenhouse or a cold pit in winter ; and even the 

 hardiest kinds, though they have stood out at 

 Fulham and the Horticultural Society's Gardens, 

 will generally do best against a wall, when north 

 of London, unless the place is both sheltered from 

 the cold and exposed to the sun. 



EVERGREEN TREES. 

 P. ienti'snus (mastich-tree). 15. May, South 



Europe. 1654. 

 angustifo'lia (narrowrleared). 10, May, 



South Europe. 166/. 

 Chi 1 a (Chian). May, Scio. 



