PON 



[6571 



POP 



the edge of the water ; 6, the puddle; c, 

 the facing to preserve the puddle from 

 injury ; d, the water ; e, the surface of 

 the latter ; and /, the ordinary bottom. 

 When a small pond of this kind is to he 

 made, and the extent of the surface is 

 determined upon and marked out, it will 

 then be necessary to form a second or 

 outer mark, indicating the space required 

 for the wall or side puddle, and about 

 three feet is the proper space to allow 

 for this ; the puddle requiring about two 

 feet, and the facing which requires to be 

 laid upon the puddle ought to be about a 

 foot more, making together three feet. 

 Ponds may be made very ornamental. 



PON GA' MIA. (Pony am, its Malabar 

 name. Nat. ord., Leguminous Plants 

 [Fabacese]. Linn., YI-Diadelphia k-De- 

 candria. Allied to Dalbergia.) 



Stove evergreen shrubs and climbers, all but 

 one white-flowered, and from the East Indies. 

 For culture, see DALBF/RGIA. 

 P. gla'bra (smooth-leaved). 5. 1699. 



grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). 6. 1818. 



margina'ta (bordered). 3. Yellow. May. 



1824. Twiner. 



pisci'dia (piscidia-like). 1818. 



uligino'sa (marsh). W. Ind. 1824. Twiner. 



PONTEDE'EIA. (Named after J.Ponte- 

 dera, professor of botany at Padua. Nat. 

 ord., Pontederiads [Pontederiacese], 

 Linn., 6-ffexandria 1-Monoyynia.) 



Blue-flowered aquatics. Divisions of the roots ; 

 rich, strong, loamy soil, in a tub of water or an 

 aquarium. 



HARDY AQUATICS. 



P. angustifo'lia (narrow-leaved). 2. July. N. 

 Amer. 1806. 



ceeru'lea (light blue). 2. July. N. Amer. 1830. 



corda'ta (hea.it- leaved). 2. July. N. Amer. 



1759. 



lanceola'ta (spear-head). 2. July. N. Amer. 



1815. 



STOVE AQUATICS. 

 P. azu'rea (sky-blue), f . July. Jamaica. 1824. 



cra'ssipes (thick-leaf-stalked). f . May. 



Guiana. 1825. 



dilata'ta (spreading). 2. July. E. Ind. 1806. 



/PONTIA. A genus of butterflies, of 

 which the following one is most ob- 

 noxious to the gardener : 



P. brassicce (Large White Cabbage 

 Butterfly). The wings are white; the 

 upper with broad black tips ; and the fe- 

 male has two black spots on the middle. 

 The under side of the under wings is 

 light yellow. Breadth, when expanded, 

 two inches. It appears from May to 

 October. The caterpillar is bluish-green, 

 thinly haired, and sprinkled with black 

 dots, having a yellow stripe on the back, 

 and the same on the sides. These cater- 

 42 



pillars are found, throughout the sum- 

 mer and autumn, on all the cabbage- 

 worts, on horse-radish, radishes, mus- 

 tard, and similar plants, as well as on 

 water- cresses. The pupae are yellowish- 

 green, with black dots, with a point on 

 the head, and five on the back. The best 

 way to destroy them is picking off and 

 killing the caterpillars, as well as the- 

 pupa?, as far as it is possible ; the latter 

 are found attached to adjacent trees, 

 hedges, and walls. But care must be 

 taken not to destroy those pupa? which 

 have a brown appearance ; because they 

 are full of the larvae of ichneumons, and 

 other allied parasites, which are the 

 great scourge of these caterpillars. 



P. rapes (Small Cabbage Butterfly). 

 This butterfly resembles the foregoing, 

 but is one-half smaller ; and the black 

 tinge at the points of the upper wings is 

 fainter, and not visible on the outer edge. 

 The time of appearance is the same as of 

 the former. The caterpillar is of a dull 

 green, with fine white minute hairs, a 

 yellow stripe on the back, and yellow 

 spots on the sides, on a pale ground. In 

 some years it is very injurious to the 

 cabbage and turnip plants ; it also infests 

 mignonette, which it strips entirely of its 

 leaves. It is very difficult to be dis- 

 covered, from its colour. The pupa is 

 yellowish or greenish-grey, with three 

 yellow stripes. Kollar. 



POPLAR. Po'pulus. 



POPPY. Papa'ver. 



PO'PULUS. Poplar. (From arbor-populi 

 of the Komans, or the tree of the public; 

 the Turin poplar much planted in their 

 cities. Nat. ord., Willowworts [Salica- 

 ceffl]. Linn., 22-Dicecia 7-Octandria.) 



Hardy deciduous trees. Seeds, which should 

 be sown in moist soil, slightly covered, but 

 shaded as soon as the seeds drop from the trees ; 

 by cuttings of the ripened shoots ; also by layers 

 and suckers ; a deep, moist, loamy soil suits 

 them the best ; but they do not thrive well either 

 in a very dry place, or in places where there is 

 stagnant water. 

 P. alba (white. Abele-tree). 40. March. Britain. 



angula'ta (angular. Carolina). 80. March. 



Carolina. 1738. 



balsami'fera (balsamic). 70. April. N. Amer. 



1792. 



fo'liis variega'tis (variegated-leaved). 



April. 



interme'dia (intermediate). April. 



latifo'lia (broad-leaved). 40. April. 



suave'olens (sweet-scented). 70. April. 



Russia. 1825. 



vimina'lis (twiggy). 40. April. Altai. 



1826. 



betulifo'lia (birch-leaved. Black American"). 



40. March. N. Amer. 



2u 



