QUI 



079 ] 



BAD 



QUILLA'JA. (From quillai, the Chilian 

 came. Nat. ord., Roscw^rts [Llosaceeej. 

 Linn., 10-Dccandrla k-Pentagynia. Al- 

 lied to Kageneckia.) 



Hardy evergreen shrub, the bark of which is 

 used instead of soap. Cuttings of ripened shoots 

 in sandy ioam, under a hand-light, and very likfly 

 by layers ; sandy, deep loam, and a sheltered place. 

 Q. sapona'ria (soap). White. April. Chili. 1332. 



QUINA, QUINQUINA, or Quiso. Cincho'na. 



QUINCE. Cydo'nia vulya' '//.;. 



Varieties.- Common, Apple-shaped. 

 Pear-shaped, and Portugal. The last is 

 the best, and very distinct from the 

 others. C. Sine'nsis, the Chinese Quince, 

 has been fruited in this country, but it 

 requires a wall. The fruit is very dif- 

 ferent from that of either the Common 

 or Portugal Quinces ; it is cylindrical, 

 about six inches in length, and exceed- 

 ingly gritty. 



Culture. The trees maybe raised from 

 seed sown in autumn, but there is no 

 certainty of having the same, or any- 

 good fruit from the seedlings. The 

 several varieties may bo propagated by 

 cuttings and layers ; also by suckers from 

 such trees as grow upon their own roots, 

 and by grafting and budding upon their 

 own or pear stocks. 



Cuttings, layers, and suckers may be 

 planted in autumn, winter, or early 

 spring. Choose young wood for the cut- 

 tings and layers. They will be rooted by 

 next autumn; then transplanted into 

 nursery rows two feet asunder; plant the 

 suckers also at the same distance, and 

 train the whole for the purposes intended; 

 if for standards with a stem, to any de- 

 sired height, from three to six feet; then 

 encourage them to branch out at top, to 

 form a head ; and those designed as 

 dwarfs must be headed near the ground, 

 and trained accordingly, for espaliers or 

 dwarf standards. 



When they have formed tolerable 

 heads, plant them out finally. Standard 

 quinces, designed as fruit-trees, may be 

 stationed in the garden or orchard, and 

 some by the sides of any water in bye 

 places, suffering the whole to take their 

 own natural growth ; and as espaliers, 

 they may be arranged with other mode- 

 rate-growing trees, about fifteen feet 

 apart. For other particulars of culture, 

 tee PEAR. 



QUINCUNX is the form resulting from 

 planting in rows, with one plant opposite 

 the centre of each vacancy between two 



plants in the row on each side of it, as in 

 this diagram : 



QUISQTJA'US. (From quis, who, and 

 qualis, what kind ; when first named it 

 was doubtful to which class and order to 

 refer it. Nat. ord., Myrobalans [Combre- 

 tacege]. Li\\n.,lQ-Decandi'ia \-Monogynia. 

 Allied to Combretum.) 



Stove climbers. Cuttings of the young: shoot 8 

 when several inches in length, after the plant ha 8 

 been stumped in after-flowering, taking the cut- 

 tings oif with a heel, and inserting them in sand, 

 ut.der a bell-glass, and in bottom-heat ; peat and 

 loiini, but most of the latter. Winter temp.,. 4ii 

 to 50 ; summer, 60 to 88. 

 Q. pla'bra (smooth). 20. Java. 1815. 



I'ndica (Indian). 20. Orange, red. June. 



Java. 1815. 



pube'scejis (downy. 1 ) SO. Orange, red. Guinea. 



S//><?'MS/s(Chinese). 10. Rose. July. Canton. 1841. 



vWo'sa (shaggy). Pegu. 1818. 



QUIVI'SIA. (Sois de Qnivi, of the Isle 

 of France. Nat. ord., Meliads [Meliacese]. 

 Linn., 10-Decandria 1-Monoyynia. Al- 

 lied to Melia.) 



Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings of ripened shoots 

 in sand, under a glass, and in a brisk bottom- 

 heat ; sandy loam and fibry peat. Winter temp., 

 48 to 55 ; summer, 60 to 85. 

 Q. helerophy'lla (various-kaved). 18. White. Isle 

 of France. 1822. 



RACEME, a cluster. This is formed of 

 numerous, rather distant flowers, each on 

 its own stalk, but growing out of one 

 central stalk, as in a bunch of currants. 



RADISH. Rapha'nus sati'vttz. 



Spring Varieties. Long rooted: Long 

 White; called also the White Transpa- 

 rent, White Italian, and Naples Eadish. 

 White Russian. Twisted Radish of Mons. 

 Semi-long Scarlet. Rose-coloured Semi- 

 long. Scarlet, or Salmon, or Scarlet- 

 transparent Radish. Purple, formerly- 

 called exclusively the Short-topped. Red- 

 necked White. 



Turnip-rooted : White Turnip. Early 

 White Turnip. Pink. Rose-coloured, Scar- 

 let and Crimson Turnip. Purple Turnip. 

 Yellow Turnip. New Yellow Short- topped. 



Autumn and Winter Varieties. These 

 are all of the turnip-rooted kind, and are 

 in the order they follow in coming into 

 use: Yellow Turnip. Round Brown. 

 White Spanish. Oblong Brown. Black 



