SET 



E 735 3 



SHU 



toes and other tuberous-rooted plants. It 

 may be accepted as a rule universally ap- 

 plicable to them, that a moderately-sized 

 whole tuber is always to be preferred to a 

 cutting of a tuber. 



SETTING is fertilizing the female blos- 

 soms with pollen from the male blos- 

 soms. A plant is said to be a shy setter 

 when this fertilizing is apt to fail. 



SEVERI'NIA. A doubtful name for the 

 Box -leaved Orange. (Ci'trus buxifo'lia.) 



SEYME'RIA. (Named after H. Seymer, 

 an English naturalist. Nat. ord., Fig- 

 worts [Scrophulariaceae]. Linn., 14- 

 Didynamia 2-Angiospermia.) 



Hardy, yellow-flowered annuals, from North 

 America. Seeds in April, in a peat-border. 

 S.pectina'ta (comb-leaved). 1. July. 1820. 

 tenuifo'lia (fine-leaved). 1. July. 1730. 



SHADDOCK. Ci'trus decwna'na. 



SHADES are for prolonging the time of 

 a plant's blooming, or promoting the 

 rooting of cuttings, by excluding the 

 sunlight. See CUTTINGS, SCREENS, and 

 TULIP. 



SHALLOT. See ESCHALLOT. 



SHANKING is the technical term for a 

 gangrene which attacks the footstalks of 

 grapes and the stems of cabbages which 

 have vegetated through the winter. The 

 shanking of the grape appears to be oc- 

 casioned by the soil becoming exhausted, 

 or by its temperature being too much 

 below that in which the branches are 

 vegetating ; and, consequently, the supply 

 of sap to the grapes being too much di- 

 minished, the parts which thus fail of 

 support immediately begin to decay : this 

 is an effect always the consequence of a 

 diminished supply of sap, apparent either 

 in the leaves, flower, or fruit. Shanking 

 rarely appears in the grape if the roots of 

 the vine are within the house. Shanking 

 in the cabbage arises from a very different 

 cause, viz., the freezing of the stalk of 

 the cabbage just where it comes in con- 

 tact with the soil. The best preventive 

 is dressing the soil with salt, about five 

 bushels per acre, late in the autumn, and 

 sprinkling charred vegetable matters 

 among them. See DAMPING-OFF. 



SHARP CEDAR. Aca'cia oxyce'dnts and 

 Juni'perus oxyce'drus. 



SHIELD FERN. Aspi'dium. 



SHEEP LAUREL. Ka'lmia angustifo'Ha. 



SHEEP'S SCABIOUS. Jasio'ne. 



SHELLS. See ANIMAL MATTERS. 



SHELTER. See SCREEN. 



SHE -OAK. Casuari'na quadriva'lvis. 



SHEPHERD'S BEARD. Arnoprfgon. 



SHEPHERD'S CLUB. Ferba'scum tha'psm. 



SHEPHE'RDIA. (Named after the late 

 W. Shepherd, curator of the Botanic Gar- 

 den. Nat. ord., Oleasters [Elaeagnacere]. 

 Linn., 22-Diosda 4,-Tetrandria. Allied to 

 Hippophae.) 



Hardy deciduous shrubs, from North America. 

 Generally by suckers ; frequently by seeds deep 

 sandy loam. Good shrubs for lawns or shrubbe- 

 ries. 



S. argefntea (silvery). 10. April. 1820. 



Cunade'nsis (Canadian). 10. April. 1759. 



SHIFTING. See POTTING and ONE-SHIFT 

 SYSTEM. 



SHREDS for fastening trees to walls, 

 &c., are best made of the list or selvage 

 torn from black or blue cloth, and may 

 be obtained of any tailor. The smallest 

 possible number of shreds, and the nar- 

 rowest consistent with strength, should 

 be employed ; for wherever the shred 

 envelopes the branch, the wood beneath 

 is never so well ripened as those parts 

 exposed to the light and air, which are 

 so essential to enable the bark to assimi- 

 late and separate from the sap those 

 secretions which are required for the 

 next year's growth. Shreds should al- 

 ways be long enough to permit the ends 

 to be doubled over, so that the nail may 

 pass through four thicknesses of the 

 cloth, otherwise they look ragged, and are 

 liable to tear away from the nail. If old 

 shreds are re-used, they should be pre- 

 viously boiled for a few minutes to de- 

 stroy any insect-eggs, or larvae, they may 

 contain. 



SHRIVELLING of the berries of the 

 grape in stoves arises from the roots of 

 the vine not supplying a sufficiency of 

 sap. This occurs if the roots are in a 

 cold, heavy soil, or are vegetating in an 

 outside border, the temperature of which 

 is too low compared with that of the 

 stove. In the first case, thorough drain- 

 ing and the incorporation of calcareous 

 rubbish ; and in the second case, protec- 

 tion to the border and stem, will remove 

 the evil. 



SHRUBBERY is a garden, or portion of 

 a garden, devoted to the cultivation of 

 shrubs. 



SHRUBS are trees of a dwarf growth, 

 not exceeding in height twelve or fifteen 

 feet, unless they are climbers, and having, 

 if permitted, branches and foliage cloth- 

 ing the entire length of their stems. 



SHUTE'BIA. See CONVO'JUYULUSBI'COLOR. 



