TUL 



[ 800 ] 



TUB 



up with a three-pronged fork. Then set 

 the line at the right distance from the 

 centre (we mentioned that the beds 

 should he four feet wide, which would 

 allow 'nine inches between each of the 

 five rows, and six inches next the edging) ; 

 the line then must he set at such a dis- 

 tance from the centre, that the next row 

 of hulbs will be exactly nine inches apart 

 from the centre one. Draw the drill the 

 same depth as the first, and plant the 

 next tallest flowers in it. Then mark the 

 row with a stick at each end, and so pro- 

 ceed till the whole is finished ; the lowest 

 growers will then be next the paths all 

 round the bed. Each variety must be 

 numbered, and the numbers put in so 

 securely that they cannot be easily dis- 

 placed. 



Shelter is necessary for the flower before 

 and when in bloom. Where the collec- 

 tion is small, and the means small too, 

 this consists merely of hoops, either of 

 wood or iron, with canvass covers or mats 

 to be thrown over the hoops, which should 

 be high enough to keep the covering 

 clear of the flowers. This covering should 

 be applied not only when the plants are 

 in bloom, but also to shelter them from 

 the late frosts that sometimes come after 

 the plants make their appearance, as well 

 as from the cutting winds that often visit 

 us in this country during the early months 

 of the year. This shelter, however, must 

 not be used except when absolutely neces- 

 sary. Too much shelter only coddles the 

 plants, and makes them so tender that a 

 too sudden exposure, or the least neglect 

 in applying the covering, would be equally 

 as injurious as no shelter at all; there- 

 fore, on all favourable occasions, remove 

 the coverings entirely, and let them have 

 the benefit of fine weather and gentle 

 rains. 



Where the collection is large, and the 

 means ample, the most convenient width 

 of each bed would be five feet ; this will 

 hold five rows nine inches apart. A walk 

 between them may be either three or 

 four feet ; the latter will allow more room 

 for the operator and the spectator. Three 

 feet beyond each bed, on the outer sides, 

 place a row of pillars, four and a half 

 inches square, to support the shelter; 

 each pillar may either be let into the 

 ground and well-rammed, or be inserted 

 into an iron or stone socket. These pillars 

 should stand above the surface at least 

 five feet, and at a distance of five feet 



from each other. On the top of each 

 pillar a rafter should be placed, to meet 

 a corresponding rafter in the centre of 

 the space just over the centre of the walk. 

 Each rafter, at the junction, must be 

 firmly fastened to a longitudinal piece of 

 wood running the whole length of the 

 beds, the length of the beds depending, 

 of course, upon the number of roots, or 

 size of the collection. There will then 

 be required two rollers of wood of the 

 length of the structure. On each of these 

 nail a sheet of canvass of sufficient width 

 to drop down on each side nearly to the 

 ground. On the top, at the centre, fix a pair 

 of weather-boards, proj ecting high enough 

 to allow the roller and canvass to go 

 under them, one on each side. This will 

 preserve the canvass from Totting, and 

 so enable it to be used for several years. 



TULIP-TREE. Liriode'ndron. 



TU'NICA. (From tunica, a coat; the 

 calyx. Nat. ord., Clovcworts [Caryophyl- 

 lacese]. Linn., 10-Decandria 2-Digynia. 

 Allied to Dianthus.) 



Hardy herbaceous plants, blooming in July. 

 Seeds in spring, and division of the plants ; rich, 

 light soil. 

 T. dianthoi'des (pink-like). Red. Candia. 1838. 



///y'riea (Illyrian). Red. Sicily. 1838. 



//acA;/rao7a(thick-backed).White.Natolia.lS38. 



saxi'fraga (saxifrage'. 5. Pink. Germany. 17/4. 



stri'cta (erect). Pink. Altaia. 1834. 

 TU'PA. (The name of one of the 



species in Chili. Nat. ord., Lobeliads 

 [Lobeliacese]. Linn., 5-Pentandria 1- 

 Monogynia. Allied to Lobelia.) 



Half-hardy herbaceous perennials. Cuttings, 

 but chiefly by division of the suckers that spring 

 up arter the flowering stalks are cut down ; rich, 

 sandy loam. When planted out in a bed the 

 surface may be dressed with advantage with rotten 

 dung. Unless in a very sheltered place, they 

 require the protection of a cold pit or a greenhouse 

 in winter; and to flourish well they should be 

 divided and potted, and assisted with a little 

 heat in a bed before planting out in May. Lobt'liu 

 Cavanillesia'na is united to this genus. 

 T. argu'ta (Aaif -toothed-leaved). Yellow. Sep- 

 tember. Chili. 1824. 



bla'nda (charming). 3. Pink. Chili. 



-- Fuei'llei (Feuille's). Scarlet. September. Chili. 

 1824. 



polyphy'lla (many-leaved). Purple. August. 



Valparaiso." 1832. 



purpu'rea (purple). August. Valparaiso. 1825, 



aalicifo'lia (willow-leaved). 6. Red. October. 



Valparaiso. 1704. 



secu'nda (side-flowering). $. White. May. 



Cape of good Hope. 1794. 

 TURF may be obtained either by sow- 

 ing grass seeds, or laying turf obtained 

 from a common or down : if the latter 

 mode can be adopted it is the best, as 

 the turf is obtained at once, and is more 



