IRREGULARITIES IN WIRE TRANSMISSION CIRCUITS 



549 



Expressed in more usual units, the results given in equations (6), 

 (8), (10), and (11) are repeated here. 



Rise in average attenuation (db) = 

 Standard deviation in attenuation (db) = 



Sinuosity (db per kilocycle) = 0.0256 

 Delay distortion (microseconds) = ± 4.42 



Va^ 



K 

 K 

 _ K 



aL, 



(6') 



V4.343aL, (8') 



-vz 



Va 



K 



vz 



^[a 



(10') 

 (11') 



where L = length of the line in miles, 



a = attenuation of the line in db per mile, 



T = envelope delay of the line in microseconds per mile. 



In order to convey a notion as to possible orders of magnitude of 

 these effects of irregularities, and how they vary with changes in the 

 parameters, a few calculations have been tabulated below for some 

 hypothetical lines. 



Note: T = 6 micro-seconds per mile. 



Appendix I 

 Impedance 



In Fig. 1 the circuit is divided into n homogeneous elementary 

 lengths. For a current of unit value traveling down the circuit at the 

 junction of the yfeth and (k + l)th elementary lengths, the reflected 



