CARE OF THE NEW-BORN. 269 



in this exceptional case the introduction was so abrupt 

 and due formalities so slighted the results occasioned no 

 surprise. 



A wise course to pursue in making the transfer is to 

 remove both litters, put all the puppies into the same 

 basket and keep them together for several hours. In the 

 mean time the breasts of the foster mother will fill up, and 

 the distension causing her some discomfort, she will gen- 

 erally receive the strangers as cordially as she would her 

 own. If, however, to delay is dangerous they should 

 simply be put to her breasts and she be made to under- 

 stand that she has no choice in the matter. Careful 

 watching will, of course, be advisable for a time, but if 

 all goes well the first day no uneasiness need be felt 

 thereafter. 



Puppies can be fed by means of a spoon or nourished in 

 the same way as infants deprived of their mother's milk. 

 And in event of the latter, which is the easier, the appara- 

 tus used should consist of merely a small bottle and rub- 

 ber nipple, in the top of which has been placed a small 

 piece of perfectly clean sponge, which fits easily without 

 compression. But as most of the nipples found in shops 

 have such small holes, and the milk does not flow as freely 

 as it ought, it will be necessary to enlarge one or more of 

 them to about the size of a " darning needle." 



Puppies that are nourished artificially require feeding 

 nights as well as days, and during the first week once 

 every hour and a half is none to often ; while every two 

 hours should be the rule in the second week, and three 

 hours in the third. 



All this time they must be kept in a very warm place, 

 and in a basket lined with a piece of flannel or soft blan- 

 ket. And during the first few days a fold of this should 

 be laid over them lest draughts strike them and they 

 become chilled. 



