The Walk. 123 



to the lower circle again, pass thence to the other 

 middle circle, and quit it at c, or / (as the case 

 may happen,) to return to the upper circle again. 

 Nothing can be more beneficial than this variety 

 of action ; it tends at once to confirm the pupil in 4 

 her seat ; to exercise her in her balance and aids ; 

 and to render the horse obedient : while, if he be 

 kept in only one direction, he will perform the 

 figure mechanically, without either improving his 

 own mouth and action, or the rider's hands, aids, 

 or balance. 



In the art of riding, working on a circle is 

 called a volt; in angles, or zig-zag direction, changes 

 reverse; and on half a circle from a line, a derni- 

 volt. These figures may first be performed sepa- 

 rately ; but there can be no objection to the demi- 

 volt and changes reverse being afterwards embo- 

 died in the exercises on circles. As in the last 

 figure, the lady may work from a in the mode di- 

 rected, for some time ; then perform 

 the variations, by going across from 

 a to b, and describe a demi-volt round 

 by e e to a ; then return from a to b, 

 and work a demi-volt, in an opposite 

 direction, from b to a: thence, the 

 lady may proceed in a line, enter the 

 lower circle at d, and re-commence 



