'2Q TvUTLAXP, SHROPSHIRE. 



to keep the buildings in repair, and is only allowed by the college such 

 timber as gro\YS on the estate. Farm leases are the exception, and nob 

 the rule, and almost all the land is held by yearly tenancies, subject to 

 a six-months' notice to quit. 



Bit tl^iuJ.— The time of entry is usually Lady-day. The following 

 scale of allowances to an outgomg tenant is made on one of the largest 

 estates in the county. 



For Draiumg.— When the landlord has found tiles and the tenant 

 the labour, the allowance shall be upon a three-years' principle; and 

 when the tenant has found both, upon a five-years' principle, provided 

 the drainage has been done to the satisfection of the landlord, and an 

 account rendered every year. For lime on a three-years' principle, 

 including cartage : for bones, or other approved artificial manures used 

 for turnips or other green crops in the preceding year, the whole cost 

 limited to 25s. per acre. 



For cake, one fourth of the cost price of linseed or cotton cakes 

 consumed by beasts in yards or sheep on seeds or turnips during the 

 two previous years, provided the quantity does not exceed the average 

 of the two preceding years. The tenancies are usually from year to 

 year, terminable at Lady-day by a six-months' notice from either party. 



Shropshire. — The period of entry upon farms in Shropshire is on the 

 25tli of ]\Larch, invariably ; never at Michaelmas ; and they are held by 

 a rack tenancy from year to year, determinable by a half-year's notice 

 given on the 25th of the preceding September. Other leases are com- 

 paratively unknown, but on many estates the same farm is held by one 

 family from generation to generation. The outgoing tenant receives no 

 remuneration from his successor for any improvements he may have 

 made upon the farm, nor for any artificial manure or food. A great 

 deal of draining has been done of late years ; and the landlord either 

 does all except the hauling, and charges the tenant five per cent., or the 

 landlord finds pipes and the tenant lays them at his own expense, under 

 the supervision of a bailiff. The soil of the county varies considerably 

 in character and quality. The arable portion consists partly of strong 

 loamy soil, suitable for the growth of wheat and oats, and partly of 

 lighter description of soil, suitable to the turnip and barley system of 

 husbandly. The pasture and meadow lands generally require, and are 

 capable of, much improvement. Within the last few years it has been 

 customary for the landlord in a few districts to apply bones ; the tenant 

 hauling and spreading them, and paying a per-centage upon their cost. 

 The wheat crop, on a change of tenancy, is generally divided between 



