38 NOrtTH WALES. 



and liiboiu- of the last crop arc allowed ; but this depends upon whether 

 the land is " old inclosnre," " field," or lands on " the commons of the 

 coiinty." Fourth course— Fallow ; here the ploughings and dressings 

 are all allowed ; but if dressed at Michaelmas, nothing is allowed in tlie 

 following spring for manure made from the stubbles or refuse. The 

 valuation on the premises comprises generally one year's manure, which 

 is lying unspread, and the value of all fodder not consumed on quitting ; 

 and the fixtures in the house and buildings according to entry. Draiu- 

 ac^e is permitted and compensated for by special agreement. 



NORTH WALES. 



Tenant-right cannot be said to exist in North Wales. Generally 

 speaking, all farms and lands are held under a yearly tenancy, deter- 

 minable either upon the part of the landlord or the . tenant, by six 

 months' notice to quit. The time of entering upon farms varies in 

 different parts of Xorth Wales ; but the most general and common 

 custom is for the incoming tenant to take possession of the lands upon 

 the 30th of November, and of the house, out-buildings, and boozy 

 pasture (being a single field near the house reserved for the purpose of 

 turning the cattle in, for exercise and to water during the winter) upon 

 the first of May. The first half-year's rent becomes payable upon the 

 25th March intervening between these days, and is therefore somewhat 

 in the nature of a fore-hand rent, of which the tenant has the benefit 

 upon leaving the farm. In the Island of Anglesea it has been attempted 

 to establish a custom of Tenant-right. This has been done by the 

 tenants erecting houses and buildings upon their lands at their own 

 expense, and claiming in consequence either an equitable right for 

 themselves or successors to stay upon the farm, or compensation in 

 respect of their improvements. Buildings erected under these circum- 

 stances being generally of an inferior character, it has become the 

 practice in some of the agreements used in the Island to restrict the 

 tenants from erecting buildings without the sanction of their land- 

 lords. Upon the change of tenancy no division of crops takes place (as 

 in England), between the offgoing and incoming tenant, inasmuch as 

 the offgoing tenant has reaped all his crops before the tenancy of the 

 land expires, and the incoming tenant sows in the autumn the crops he 

 is to reap in the ensuing summer, and in respect of which he pays a 

 half-year's rent upon the 25th of March. Such a thing as an allowance 

 in respect of unexhausted improvements is almost unknown in North 



