40 CARMARTHENSHIRE, EAST AND WEST. 



lime which has been carted and spread upon the farm during the pre- 

 ceding year, and produced one crop. 



Carmarthensliire {East). — Tlie usual period of entry is at Micliaelmas, 

 and the holdings are fi'oni year to year. Leases are uncommon, and 

 when granted, rarely exceed twenty-one years, though they run as high 

 as sixty. Where land is to be embanked from the sea, or reclaimed at 

 a great expense, leases have been granted for ninctj'-niue years. It is 

 not the custom for the outgoing tenant to receive any remuneration 

 from his successor for improvements made on the farm ; and even if he 

 has expended money on draining or farm buildings, &c., he is veiy 

 rarely remunerated by his landlord. The outgoing tenant almost in- 

 variably disposes of his crops by public auction, and very seldom by 

 valuation to the incoming tenant: sometimes the manure is disposed of 

 the same way, unless there happens to be (which is very seldom) a 

 special agreement to leave it on the land. ]>y the custom, the outgoing 

 tenant is paid for all the manure that remains unused, also for the lime 

 and manure on summer fallows, as well as for the ploughings and har- 

 rowings of the latter, for the clover and grass-seeds sown with the spring 

 corn, and mostly for part of the manure and lime and the wheat crop, 

 and any ungrazed aftermath. 



Carmurtlicn shire {West). — The entry is generally at Michaelmas, but 

 sometimes at Lady-day. The usual holdings are from year to year. 

 Leases, as a rule, are uncommon; the few granted are chiefly for lives: 

 those for a term of years are very rare. The outgoing tenant receives 

 some remuneration from his successor for improvements which have 

 been recently made. The landlord allows him remuneration for the 

 outlay on recently-erected buildings, and draining ; but very little of 

 the latter is done. The incoming tenant has to pay for the manure 

 and lime on the farm ; he has also to pay for seeds, clover, and rye- 

 grass, sown the preceding spring by the outgoing tenant. If the latter 

 removes to another farm, he takes the crops with him ; if lie does not, 

 the usual custom is for him to have a sale by auction of all his farming 

 stock and crop on the holding which he is about to leave, unless there 

 is a prohibition in his agreement against his taking away the straw. 

 In the latter case, the landlord of the incoming tenant has to pay for 

 the crop, and two valuers are appointed. 



Glamorganshire. — The tenure of a seven or fourteen years' lease is 

 pretty common, and the time of entry respectively on the land and 

 house, in the southern districts, arc Lady-day and May-day ; and in 



