274 VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY 



observed in every living cell. Other katabolic changes, 

 proceeding side by side with this very complete decomposi- 

 tion, are not so far-reaching, and a great accumulation 

 of their products remains in the plant. Prominent among 

 them we find such organic substances as woody or corky 

 tissue. These must not be confused with what we have 

 described as reserve materials, as the latter, unlike those 

 now under discussion, are intended for ultimate consumption. 



These changes involve the manufacture of great 

 masses of material, whose construction, though ultimately 

 dependent upon anabolism, is essentially a mark of the 

 katabolic processes. The constructive processes indeed 

 are both anabolic and katabolic, the former culminating 

 in the formation of living substance, the latter marking 

 the fabrication of its products. The great extent to 

 which the constructive katabolic processes exceed such 

 decomposition of protoplasm as is marked by the forma- 

 tion of carbon dioxide and water, finds its expression in 

 the enormous bulk which many trees and other plants 

 attain. This increase of the size of the plant-body is very 

 much facilitated by the fact that the katabolic processes 

 in question are not attended by the excretion of any- 

 thing from the body of the organism. As a rule plants 

 have no excreta except the gaseous bodies whose elimina- 

 tion we have already described, and these result in the 

 main from the profounder decomposition of the living sub- 

 stance. Whatever a plant absorbs from the soil, except 

 water, it nearly always retains within its tissues, so that 

 increase of weight almost inevitably accompanies con- 

 tinuance of vitality. 



It must not be inferred, however, that plants do not 

 produce, during their constructive katabolic processes, any 

 substances which are useless to them or which may even 

 be deleterious. There are numerous products which 

 come under this category, but from the mode of construc- 

 tion of the body of the plant they are not cast off as they 

 would be from the animal organism under similar conditions. 



