CONTENTS 



CHAPTER PAGE 



I. INTRODUCTORY 1 



II. THE PLANT AS A WORKING MACHINE 6 



III. ROOTS AND THEIR RELATIONS TO THE WORK OF PLANTS 20 



IV. MANUFACTURE, TRANSPORTATION, AND USE OF FOODS 



IN PLANTS 34 



V. THE STEM AND THE LEAF 56 



VI. SPECIAL FUNCTIONS AND FORMS OF STEMS .... 85 



VII. BUDS AND BRANCHES 94 



VIII. TIMBER; FORESTRY 107 



IX. FLOWERS 125 



X. POLLINATION AND FERTILIZATION 134 



XI. FRUITS; SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS; SEED DISTRIBUTION. 156 



XII. PLANT BREEDING 173 



XIII. How PLANTS ARE CLASSIFIED 194 



XIV. THE BACTERIA 199 



XV. THE ALG*: 219 



XVI. FUNGI AND FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS .... 234 



XVII. MOSSES, LIVERWORTS, AND FERNS 262 



XVIII. THE SEED PLANTS 282 



XIX. PLANT INDUSTRIES 308 



XX. WEEDS 333 



APPENDIX 343 



GLOSSARY 345 



INDEX 359 



vii 



