354 INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY 



Phycocyanin (seaweed blue). A bluish coloring matter found within 

 certain algae. 



Phyllotaxy. Leaf arrangement. 



Pinna (a feather) ; pi. pinnae. One of the primary divisions of a pin- 

 nate leaf, as in ferns. 



Pinnate. Having the veins or the divisions of the leaf arranged in 

 rows on each side of the midrib, as in black locust (Robinia). 



Pinnule (a little feather). One of the divisions of a pinna. 



Pistil (a pestle). A simple or compound carpel in spermatophytes. 



Placenta ; pi. placentae. That portion of the ovary which bears the 

 ovules. 



Plerome (that which fills). A name given to that part of the meri- 

 stem, near the growing points of the plant axis, which forms a central 

 shaft or cylinder and develops into the axial tissues. 



Plumule (a little feather). The terminal bud of the embryo above 

 the cotyledons. 



Pod. A dry, several-seeded, dehiscent fruit. 



Pollen. The spores developed in the anther. 



Pollen tube. The structure that develops from the wall of the micro- 

 spore of spermatophytes and carries male cells to the egg. 



Pollination. The transfer of pollen to the stigma. 



Polypetalous (many petals). Applied to flowers that have their petals 

 free from one another. 



Prosenchyma. Tissue composed of elongated ceils, with tapering ends 

 which overlap. 



Prothallium (a forerunning shoot) ; pi. prothalHa. The small, usually 

 short-lived plant which develops from the spore and bears the sex organs. 



Protonema (that which is first sent out) ; pi. protonemata. In mosses, 

 the filamentous growth which is produced by the spores, and from which 

 the leafy moss plant is developed. 



Protoplasm (that which is first formed). The living matter of cells. 



Pubescent. Downy, with fine hairs. 



Pyrenoid (kernel formed). Minute colorless bodies embedded in .the 

 chlorophyll structures of some lower plants. 



Receptacle. That portion of an axis or pedicel (usually broadened) 

 which forms a common support for a cluster of organs, either sex organs 

 or sporophylls. 



Respiration. The series of processes by which plants obtain energy 

 through breaking down of protoplasm or food. Usually oxygen is used 

 and carbon dioxide is formed as a result of the process. 



Reticulated (net-like). Having a net-like appearance. 



Rhizoid. Root-like ; a name applied to the rootrlike hairs found in 

 bryophytes and pteridophytes. 



