PINE FAMILY 



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4. P. virginiana Mill. SCRUB PINE. A small tree, usually 20-30 ft. 

 high, but sometimes much taller; bark of the trunk rough, nearly 

 black; twigs smooth and with a bloom. Leaves in twos, 1-2 in. 



a 



FIG. 1. Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) 



1, a twig showing: a, staminate catkins; b, pistillate catkins; c, a cone; d, 

 needles. 2, an anther: a, side view; b, outer surface. 3, a carpel scale: 

 a, inner surface ; b, outer surface. 4, a a cone scale, b a seed wing, and 

 c a seed. 5, section of a seed, showing the embryo. 1 is natural size ; 

 parts 2, 3, and 5 are magnified by the amount indicated by comparison 

 with the vertical line alongside each. (After Wossidlo) 



long, rigid, sheaths very short. Staminate catkins dull, yellowish- 

 purple, 1 in. long. Cones solitary, short-peduncled, often reflexed, 

 ellipsoid-conic, about 2 in, long; scales thickened at the apex and 



