88 KEY AND FLORA 



VI. CLEMATIS L. 



Perennial herbs or slightly woody vines, usually climbing 

 by the leafstalks. Leaves opposite, simple or compound. 

 Sepals 4, petal-like. Petals very small or wanting. Pistils 

 numerous, tipped by the persistent styles, which often become 

 long and plumose in fruit.* 



1. C. crispaL. MARSH CLEMATIS. Stem climbing, a little woody 

 below, slightly downy above, 3-5 ft. high. Leaves pinnately com- 

 pound ; leaflets 5-7, varying from lanceolate to ovate, thin, entire 

 or 3-5-lobed. Flowers showy, perfect, solitary, on long axillary pedun- 

 cles. Sepals lanceolate, taper-pointed, thick, wavy on the margins, 

 twice the length of the stamens, light bluish-purple, 1-1 \ in. in length. 

 Tails of the ripened akenes 1 in. long, silky. Rich woods and river 

 banks S.* 



2. C.ViornaL. LEATHER FLOWER. Stem climbing, nearly smooth, 

 6-10 ft. long. Leaves usually pinnately compound, the lowest pair 

 often compound in threes and the upper pair simple. Leaflets usu- 

 ally 5-7, oblong-ovate or oval, acute, firm, entire or lobed. Calyx 

 bell-shaped, nodding; sepals ovate, taper-pointed with a short, re- 

 curved point, thick and leathery, reddish-purple, 1 in. long. Tails 

 of the akenes plumose, \\ in. long, brownish. On river banks and 

 rich soil.* 



VH. ISOPYRUM L. 



Small, smooth herbs. Leaves 2-3 times compound, in 

 threes ; the leaflets 2-3-lobed. Flowers peduncled, white. 

 Sepals 5, petal-like, soon falling. Petals wanting (in our 

 species). Stamens 10-40. Pistils 3-6 or more. 



1. I. biternatum T. & G. A delicate, erect plant, with alternate 

 branches, looking much like Anemonella, with clustered stems from 

 perennial tuberous roots. Damp woods. 



VIII. CALTHA L. 



Smooth perennials with large, roundish leaves. Sepals 

 petal-like, 5-9. Petals none. Pistils 5-10, each consisting 

 of a 1-celled ovary with a nearly sessile stigma. Fruit a 

 many-seeded follicle. 



1. C. palustris L. MARSH MARIGOLD, COWSLIPS, MEADOW BUT- 

 TERCUP (both the latter unsuitable names, but in common use). Stem 

 hollow, smooth, ascending ; leaves smooth, roundish and heart-shaped, 



