PASSION FLOWER FAMILY 163 



the flowering period. Flowers pale yellow, purple-veined. In moist 

 woods and thickets. 



9. V. canadensis L. CANADA VIOLET. Stems tufted, very leafy, 

 smooth, 1 ft. or more high. Leaves heart-shaped, acute or taper- 

 pointed, serrate ; stipules lanceolate, entire. Flowers large and hand- 

 some. Petals white or nearly so, inside, the upper ones usually 

 violet-tinged beneath ; lateral petals bearded. In rich woods, especially 

 of hilly regions. 



10. V. striata Ait. STRIPED VIOLET. Similar to V. canadensis, 

 but the stipules dentate, pinnately cut, or fringed. Petals cream- 

 colored, white, or bluish, distinctly veined. Moist woods and thickets. 



3. Leafy-stemmed, from an annual, biennial, or occasionally short- 

 lived perennial root ; stipules about as large as the blades of the 

 leaves. 



11. V. tricolor L. PANSY, HKART'S-EASE. Stem branching, angu- 

 lar, hardly erect. Leaves variable, more or less ovate, crenate or 

 crenate-serrate. Flowers large (often more than 1 in. across), flattish, 

 short-spurred, exceedingly variable in color. Cultivated from Europe. 



12. V. arvensis Murr. FIELD PANSY. Similar to V. tricolor, but 

 the whole plant smaller and more slender. Leaves narrow, often 

 lanceolate, the stipules dissected into narrow divisions. Petals all 

 yellow, equaling or shorter than the slender, pointed sepals. Com- 

 mon in old fields. Naturalized from Europe. 



13. V. Rafinesquii Greene. WILD PANSY. Annual, slender, often 

 branching from the base. Leaves small, the earlier ones roundish, 

 on slender petioles ; the later ones obovate or narrower, tapering to 

 the base. Flowers small, yellowish-white to bluish-white. Petals 

 much longer than the linear sepals. Woods and fields. 



68. PASSIFLORACE^l. PASSION FLOWER FAMILY 



Shrubs or herbs, climbing by axillary tendrils. Leaves al- 

 ternate, simple, mostly 3-lobed. Flowers axillary, on jointed 

 peduncles, solitary or few together, bisexual, actinomorphic, 

 often showy. Calyx tube 4-5-lobed, persistent. Petals usually 

 5, inserted on the throat of the calyx tube, which is fringed 

 with a crown of 1-3 rows of long and slender filaments. 

 Stamens 5, their filaments united, and inclosing the stalk of 

 the ovary. Styles 1-5 ; ovary with 3-5 parietal placentae. 

 Seeds numerous ; fruit fleshy. 





