2 AN INTRODUCTION 



5. The PERICAUPIUM, Seed-vessel. 



6. The SEMINA, Seeds themselves. 



7. The RECEPTACLE, Base, on which the fructi- 

 fication is seated. 



All these parts, and their several uses, will be par- 

 ticularly explained in the following chapters ; and it 

 is sufficient to observe here, that the four first, viz. 

 Calyx *> Corolla, Stamina, and Pistillum, are pro- 

 perly parts of \hejiower ; and the three last, Peri- 

 carpium, Semina, and Receptacle, parts of the fruit ; 

 and that it is from the number, proportion, position, 

 and other circumstances attending these parts of 

 fructification, that the classes of vegetables, and the 

 Genera they contain, are to be characterised ac- 

 cording to the sexual system. 



CHAP. II. 

 OF THE CALYX. 



THE CALYX is the termination of the Cortex, or 

 outer bark of the plant, which, after accompanying 

 the trunk or stem through all its branches, breaks 

 out with the flower, and is present in the fructifica- 

 tion in this new form. Its chief use is to inclose 

 and protect the other parts. It has received dif- 

 ferent appellations, according to the circumstances 

 with which it is attended, viz. 



PERI A NTH i UM, Flower-cup, when its station is 

 close to the fructification. If it includes the sta- 

 mina, and not the germen, it is the perianthium of 

 the flower ; if the germen, but not the stamina, the 



* That the Calyx is a part of the flower, though it often 

 attends the fruit, is manifest from hence ; that there is no in- 

 stance of its coming out after the plant has done flowering, 

 although in the Patagonula the Calyx is observed to grow to 

 a much larger size in the fruit than it did in the flower. 



