TO BOTANY. 29 



cular, with two cells, in Cornus, Xanthium, Locusta, 

 Valerian a and Cord i a. 



In respect to its FIGURE, it is either cinct, girt, as 

 in Arenaria and Bryonia ; cordiform, heart-shaped as 

 in Medeola ; reniform, kidney-shaped as in Anacar- 

 dium and Phaseolus ; ovate*, egg-shaped, as in Po- 

 lygala and Isatis; or echinate, prickly like an Echinus, 

 or hedge-hog, as in Lappula, a species of Myosotis. 



In respect to their SUBSTANCE, they are osseous, 

 boney, as in Corylus, Lithospermum, and nuts of all 

 kinds ; or callous, tough, as in Citrus. 



The COKONULA, little crown, that attends many 

 seeds, is either Calyculus, a small Calyx, formed of the 

 perianthium of the 'flower, as in Scabiosa, Knautia, 

 Ageratum and Arctotis ; or pappus, a down ; and 

 this pappus is either capillary, like a hair, that is, 

 simple and filiform ; thread-shaped, as in Hieraciurn 

 and Sonchus ; plumose, feathery, that is, shaggy and 

 compound, as in Crepis, Scorzonera and Tragopo- 

 gon; paleaceous, chaffy, as Eidens, Silphium, Ta- 

 getes and Coreopsis ; or wanting, as in Tanacetum. 



The Seed has an ARILLUS, (See Chap. 7.) in 

 Coffea, Jasminum, Cynoglossum, Cucumis, Dictam- 

 nus, Diosma, Celastrus and Euonymus. 



The Seeds in respect to SIZE may he very small, as 

 in Campanula, Lobelia, Trachelium and Ammannia; 

 or very large, as in Cocos. 



In respect to SITUATION, they are either nidu- 

 lantia, nestling, that is, dispersed about the pulp, 

 as in Nymphaea ; fastened to the suture, as in 

 plants that are siliquose, podded ; fastened to the co- 

 lumella, as in Malva ; or placed on receptacles, as in 

 JVicotiana and Datura. 



The HILUM of the seed is evident in Cardiosper- 

 mum and Staphylaea. 



The CORCULUM is close to the Hilum. 



* The term ovate is used to express an elliptical figure 

 when it is broader at one end than the other ; and the tcrai 

 *r<al for the same figure, when the ends are alike. 



