TO BOTANY. 



CHAP. IV. 

 OF THE TRUNK. 



TRUNCUS, the Trunk, is that which produces the 

 leaves and fructification : It is of seven kinds, viz. 

 Caulis, .Culmus, Scapus, Pedunculus, Petiolus, Frons 

 and Stipes. 



I. CAULIS,, astern, is the proper trunk of the 

 herb, and serves to elevate the leaves and fructifica- 

 tion : It is either Simple or Compound. 



Simple stems are such as proceed in a continued 

 series towards their summits : and these may be, in- 

 tegri, entire ; or ramose, branchy. 



Integri, entire ; when they are most simple, having 

 scarce any branches. These may be, 



Nudi, -naked ; when they are destitute of leaves ; 

 as in Euphorbia, Cactus, Stapelia, Ephedra and 

 Cuscuta. 



Foliate, leafy; when they are furnished with 

 leaves. 



Flexuose, bending different ways, when the cjirec- 

 tion of the stem changes at every point; as in Ptelea. 



Vol u biles, twining ; when they ascend spirally by 

 the branch of some other plant : These wind either 

 to the left, according to the motion of the sun (as it 

 is commonly phrased) as in Humulus, Hclxine, Lo- 

 nicera and Tamus ; or to the right, contrary to the 

 sun's option; as in Convolvulus, Basella, Phaseolus, 

 Cynanche, Euphorbia and Eupatorium. 



Reclinate, reclined ; when they bend in an arch 

 toward the earth. 



Procumbent, lying upon the ground ; when their 

 direction is horizontal. ' 



Repent, creeping; when by lying upon the ground 

 they put. forth roots at certain intervals; as in He- 

 dera and Bignonia. 



