140 AN INTRODUCTION 



across the stem till it meets again, so as to embrace 

 it all round ; as in Bupleurum. 



Connate, growing together; \vhen two opposite 

 leaves join, and are united in one ; as in Lonicera 

 and Eupatorium. 



Vaginant, forming a Vagina or sheath ; when the 

 base of the leaf forms a cylindric tube that invests 

 the branch. 



In respect to their DIRECTION leaves are called, 



Adverse; when their sides are not turned towards 

 heaven, but towards the earth; as in Amomum. 



Oblique; when the base of the leaf looks towards 

 heaven, and the Apex or tip towards the horizon ; as 

 in Protea and Friciilaria. 



Inflex, bending inwards ; when the leaf is bowed 

 upwards towards the stem. 



Adprest ; when the disk of the leaf lies close to the 

 stem. 



Erect, upright ; when the angle they form with the 

 stem is extremely small. 



Patent, spreading ; when they make an acute angle 

 with the stem. 



Horizontal; when they stand at right angles with 

 the stem. 



Reclined, or, as some term it, Reflex ; when they 

 are bowed downwards, so that the apex or tip is 

 lower than the base. 



Ptevolute, rolled back; when they are rolled 

 downwards. 



Dependent, hanging down ; when they- point di- 

 rectly to the ground. 



Radicant, rooting; when the leaves strike root. 



Natant, floating; when they lie on the surface of 

 the water ; as in \N T ymphaea and Potamogeton. 



Demerse, sunk; when they are hid beneath the 

 surface of the wata . 



