14$ AN INTRODUCTION 



CHAP. IX. 

 OF THE HYBERNACULA OF PLANTS. 



THE H^BERNACULUM, winter-lodge, is that part 

 of a plant which incloses and protects the embryo 

 or future shoot from external injuries. It is of two 

 kinds, viz. Bulbus, a bulb ; and Gemma 1 , a bud. 



A BULB, is an hybernacle, placed on the descend- 

 ing caudex : It is of various kinds, viz. a squamose 

 bulb, when it consists of imbricate lamellae ; (thin 

 plates or scales) as in Lilium : a solid bulb, when it 

 consists of a solid substance ; as in Tulipa : a tuni- 

 cate bulb, when it consists of many tunics or coats ; 

 as in Cepa : and an articulate or jointed bulb, when 

 it consists of lamellae that are linked together ; as in 

 Lathraea, Martynia, and Adoxa. 



GEMMA, a bud, is an hybernacle placed on the 

 ascending caudex : It consists either of stipulae, of 

 petioles, of the rudiments of leaves, or of cortical 

 squamae (scales of the bark). 



Buds are of various kinds. In the generality of 

 plants, they are foliifero-floriferous, producing both 

 leaves and flowers ; but in Alnus they bear leaves 

 only ; in Populus, Fraxinus, and some species of Sa- 

 lix, they bear leaves and flowers distinctly; in Co- 

 rylus and Carpinus leaves and female flowers ; in 

 Pinus and Abies, leaves and male flowers ; and in 

 Daphne, Ulmus, Cornus and Amygdalus, leaves and 

 hermaphrodite flowers. In Dentaria, Ornithogalum, 

 Lilium and Saxifraga, the buds are deciduous. 



In several plants, there are no buds ; as in Phila- 

 delphus, Frangula, Alaternus, Paliurus, Jatropha, 

 Hibiscus, Bahobab, Justicia, Cassia, Mimosa, Gle- 

 ditsia, Erythrina, Anagyris, Medicago, Nerium, Vi- 



