TO BOTANY. 155 



TOMJTNTUM, down, is a defence for plants against 

 winds ; it has commonly a whitish or hoary appear- 

 ance ; as in Tomex, Medicago and Halimus. 



STRIGAE*, with their stiff bristles, are of use to 

 prevent plants from being bruised or destroyed by 

 vermin; as in Cactus, Malphigia, Hibiscus and 

 Rubus. 



HA MF, hooks, fasten themselves to animals as 

 they pass by ; these are either, 



Triglochid, three-pointed; as in Lappula; or, 



Incurvate, crooked ; as in Arecium, Marrubium, 

 Xanthium and Petiveria. 



STIMULI, stings, keep off naked animals by their 

 venomous punctures ; as in Urtica, Jatropha, Aca- 

 lypha, and Tragia. 



ACULEI, prickles, keep off particular animals ; as 

 in Volkameria, Pisonia, Caesalpina, Mimosa, Park- 

 inso.nia,. Capparis, Erythryna, Robinia, Solatium, 

 Cleome, Smilax, Convulvulus, Aralia, Duranta, 

 Xylon, Drypis, Euphorbia, Tragacantha, and Tra- 

 gopogon. In Hugonia the Aculei are spiral or 

 cirrhose ; (from cirrhus, a clasper or tendril.) 



FURCAF, forks, are a defence against animals in 

 general, as in Berberis, Ribes, Gieditsia, Mesem- 

 bryanthemum, Osteospermum, Ballota, Barleria, Fa- 

 gonia and Poterium. 



SPIXAE, thorns, serve to keep off cattle. These 

 are either, 



On the branches ; as in Pyrus, Prunus, Citrus, 

 Hippophae, Gmelina, Rhamnus, Lycium, Catesbaea, 

 Celastrus, Ulex, Asparagus, Spartiuin, Achronia, 

 Ximenia, Ononis, Stachys, Alyssum, and Cichorium. 



* Linnaeus seems to have emitted the definition of this 

 term. It signifies properly a row, or ordinate disposition of 

 things of any -sort; and appears by the instances here given to 

 be applied to thorns or prickles that come out in rows, oj in 

 some regular order. No English word occurs that is exactly 

 expressive of the term in this sense. 



