84 
2 forreste Par hos Hannen omdannede til Gribe- 
redskaber. /Eggene meget smaa, beres sammen- 
hobede ind under den dorsale Del af Skallen. Ud- 
viklingen, naar undtages Slegten Cyclestheria, en 
compliceret Metamorphose, begyndende med et Nau- 
plius-Stadium. 
Bemerkninger. — Denne Gruppe af Phyllopoder 
adskiller sig fra de 2 foregaaende ved en Rekke af 
vel udpregede Characterer og danner paa en Maade 
Overgangen til Cladocererne. Som den mest ioine- 
faldende Character maa fremheves den store tve- 
klappede Skal, hvori Legemet fuldstendigt kan ind- 
drages, og som ofte viser en skuffende Lighed med 
Skallen hos visse bivalve Mollusker. Ogsaa 2det 
Par Foleres Bygning hos det voxne Dyr er vesent- 
lig forskjellig, idet de her, som hos Larverne af 
hine, danner et Par kraftige, tvegrenede Aarer, 
hvormed Dyret ror sig frem igjennem Vandet, 
Gruppen indeholder for Tiden 2 distincte Familier, 
nemlig Limnadiide og Limnetide, som begge er re- 
presenterede i Norges Fauna. 
| the 1st pair or the first 2 pairs in the male trans- 
formed into prehensile implements. Ova very small, 
carried crowded together beneath the dorsal part of 
the shell. Development, except in the case of the 
genus Cyclestheria, a complicated metamorphosis, 
commencing with a nauplius stadium. 
Remarks. — This group of Phyllopoda is dis- 
tinguished from the 2 preceding groups by a number 
of well-marked characters, and in a manner forms 
the transition to the Cladocera. As its most con- 
spicuous character must be noted the large bi-valved 
shell, into which the body can be completely with- 
drawn, and which often shows a striking resem- 
blance to the shell in certain bi-valve Mollusca. 
The structure of the second pair of antenne in 
the full-grown animal is also essentially different, 
forming here, as in the larvee of other Phyllopods, 
a pair of powerful, bi-ramous oars, with which the 
animal propels itself through the water. This group 
contains at present 2 distinct families, viz., Limna- 
diide and Limnetide, both of which are represented 
in the fauna of Norway. f 
Limnadiide. 
Fam. lI. 
Characteristik. — Skallen ialmindelighed sam- 
mentrykt og forsynet hos voxne Individer med et 
vexlende Antal af Veextstriber. Hovedet af middels 
Storrelse og kun lidet forskjelligt hos de 2 Kjon. 
Kroppen forlenget og meget bevegelig, Haledelen 
vel udviklet, ombgiet, dannende bagtil 2 jevnsides 
stillede tandede Plader, og endende med 2 bevege- 
lige Klor. Forste Par Folere mere eller mindre 
forlengede, og sedvanligvis lappede i den ene Kant; 
2det Par med Grenene slanke og betydelig lengere 
end Skaftet. Kindbakkernes Tyggeflade uden tyde- 
lige Twender. Fodderne talrige, fra 16 til 28 Par, 
med forholdsvis korte Enditer; den dorsale Lap af 
Exopoditen forlenget hos Hunnen paa 2 eller 3 af 
de midterste Par til traadformige Vedheng, stot- 
tende Aigmassen. 
Bemerkninger. — Denne Familie er hovedsage- 
ligt characteriseret ved Skallens Form og Structur, 
det betydelige Antal Fodder og Haledelens tydelige 
Udvikling. Den indeholder for Tiden 4 Slegter, 
nemlig Limnadia Brogniart, ulimadia Packard, 
Estheria Riippel og Cyclestheria G.O. Sars. Hos os 
er blot den forste af disse Slegter representeret. 
Limnadiide. 
Fam. 1. 
Characters. — Shell generally compressed and 
furnished in the full-grown animal with a varying 
number of lines of growth. Head of medium size, 
and only slightly different in the 2 sexes. Trunk 
elongated and very moyable; caudal part well de- 
veloped, curved downwards, forming posteriorly 2 
juxtaposed dentated lamelle, and terminating in 2 
movable claws. First pair of antenne more or less 
elongated, and generally lobed in one margin; second 
pair with slender rami, considerably longer than 
the scape. Masticatory part of the mandibles 
without distinct teeth. Legs numerous — from 16 
to 28 pairs — with comparatively short endites; 
dorsal lobe of exopodite in the female elongated, in 
2 or 3 of the middle pairs, into filiform appendages, 
supporting the egg-mass. 
Remarks. — This family is principally charac- 
terised by the form ‘and structure of the shell, the 
large number of legs, and the conspicuous develop- 
ment of the caudal part. It contains at present 4 
genera, viz. Limnadia, Brogniart, Eulimadia, Packard, 
Estheria, Riippel, and Cyclestheria, G.O. Sars. Only 
the first of these is represented in Norway. 
