THE COMPLETE ANGLER. 195 



I '11 tell you, scholar ; several countries have several kinds of 

 cadises, that indeed differ as much as dogs do ; that is to say, 

 as much as a very cur and a greyhound do. These be usually 

 bred in the very little rills, or ditches, that run into bigger 

 rivers ; and, I think, a more proper bait for those very rivers than 

 any other. I know not how, or of what, this cadis receives life, 

 or what coloured fly it turns to ; but doubtless they are the 

 death of many Trouts ; and this is one killing way : 



Take one, or more if need be, of these large yellow cadis : pull 

 off his head, and with it pull out his black gut ; put the body, as 

 little bruised as is possible, on a very little hook, armed on 

 with a red hair, which will shew like the cadis head ; and a 

 very little thin lead, so put upon the shank of the hook that it 

 may sink presently. Throw this bait, thus ordered, which 



Wales they name it the water cricket, the size and colour being like that 

 insect." 



As to the cock-spur, Bowlker expressly says, in his Art of Angling, 

 p. 70, that it produces the May-fly, or yellow cadew, which I have ever 

 understood to be the green dra'ke. 



That which Walton calls the straw-worm, or ruff-coat, though, by the 

 way, he certainly errs in making these terms synonymous, as will here- 

 after be made to appear, and which is described in Ray's Methodus Insec- 

 torum, p. 12, is, I take it, the most common of any, and is found in the 

 river Colne, near Uxbridge; the New River, near London ; the Wandle, 

 which runs through Carshalton in Surrey ; and in most other rivers. 

 As to the straw- worm, I am assured, by my friend above mentioned, that 

 it produces many and various flies ; namely, that which is called, about 

 London, the withy-fly, ash-coloured duns of several shapes and dimensions, 

 as also light and dark browns, all of them affording great diversion in 

 northern streams. 



It now remains to speak of the ruff-coat, which seems to answer so 

 nearly to the description which Walton has given of the cock-spur, namely, 

 " that the case, or house, in which it dwells is made of small husks, and 

 gravel, and slime, most curiously;" that there is no accounting for his 

 making the term synonymous with that of the straw- worm, which it does 

 not in the least resemble : and yet, that the ruff-coat and the cock-spur 

 produce different flies, notwithstanding their seeming resemblance, must 

 be taken for granted, unless we will reject Bowlker's authority, when he 

 says the cock-spur produces the May-fly, or yellow cadew, which 1 owu 

 I s'ee no reason to do. 



But that I may not mislead the reader, I must inform him, that I take 

 the ruff-coat to be a species of cadis enclosed in a husk about an inch long, 

 surrounded by bits of stone, flints, bits of tile, &c. very near equal in their 

 sizes, and most curiously compacted together, like mosaic. 



In the month of May, 1759, I took one of the insects last above described, 

 which had been found in the river Wandle, in Surrey, and put it into a 

 small box with sand at the bottom, and wetted it five or six times a-day, 

 for five days ; at the end whereof, to my great amazement, it produced a 

 lovely large fly, nearly of the shape of, but less than a common white 

 butterfly, with two pair of cloak-wings, and of a light cinnamon colour. 

 This fly, upon inquiry, I find is called, in the north, the large light brown ; 

 in Ireland, and some other places, it has the name of the "flame-coloured 

 brown. And the method of making it is given in the Additional List of 

 Flies, under September; (Appendix, No. 2.) where, from its smell, th 

 reader will find it called the large foetid light brown. 



And there are many other kinds of these wonderful creatures, as may 

 be seen in Mons. de Reaumur's Memoircs pour seii'ir a VHisloire da Jn- 

 tectes, tome iii. See also the Appendix, No. 1. 



