8 NOTE ON GUMHAU. 



Local distribution. In none of the forests of the Central Provinces 

 or Berar is this tree common and in many it is very rare, never being 

 more than one to ten acres, as in South Chanda. It goes up as high 

 as 2,500 feet above sea-level and is usually found on light sandy trap 

 soil in deciduous forests. In Raipur a few very good trees are found 

 in Sal forest, but it rarely attains a girth of more than 3 feet and a height 

 of more than 40 feet in the ordinary forests of these Provinces. 



From the forests of South Chanda about 100 trees will be avail- 

 able annually which can be delivered at the nearest Railway station 

 in rough squares for la annas per cubic foot, or at Cocanada via the 

 Godavari River at 1 annas per cubic foot. The royalty is 5 annas per 

 cubic foot. 



(vii) Western Indict. 



Vernacular names. Shiwan, Shiwani, Shivana. 



Local distribution. Nowhere in Bombay is this tree at all common, 

 never forming as much as 2 per cent, of the standing crop and usually 

 less. It is said to be absent in Satara and very rare in the western 

 division of Kanara and not to occur to the extent of one tree per square 

 mile in Surat, where there are more trees in the Coppice than in the 

 Bangs High Forest. It grows in moist forests up to 2,000 feet above 

 sea-level, but prefers valleys with a fairly deep rich soil, where it occasion- 

 ally reaches a height of 60 feet with a girth of 5 feet and a clear bole 

 of 2 feet. In Kanara it is felled when it has reached a girth of 5 

 feet and in Central Thana the limit is 18 inches diameter. 



Extraction. The tree is commonly extracted in Coppice fellings 

 though, often reserved [as a standard and when sold with other species it 

 goes with the coupe which is sold to purchasers. From the southern and 

 eastern divisions of Kanara a small quantity of the timber may be avail- 

 able and can be delivered from the former at eight annas per cubic foot 

 at Haveri or Bombay and four annas per cubic foot at Honawar on the 

 sea-coast. From Eastern Kanara it can be delivered at Hubli on the 

 Railway for R55 per ton of 50 cubic feet. 



In Baroda it is very scarce and of medium size, but sells for box- 

 making for about R3 per cart-load of 12 cubic feet. 



