4 NOTE ON SAIN OR SAJ. 



(a) Southern India. 



Vernacular names. Karimarudu (Malayam), Mattior Banapu (Cana- 

 rese) Nallamaddi or Inamaddi (Telegu), Sahajo (Uriya). 



Local distribution. In the Madras Presidency the tree is fairly well 

 distributed, but in the south it only occurs along hills to any extent, being 

 absent in Tanjore and Trichinopoly. Though not so common as in Bombay, 

 it forms in some districts up to 12 per cent, of the growing stock being 

 fairly plentiful in the Wynaad and ascending to 4,200 feet in the Nilgiris. 

 The girth seems not to exceed 9 feet and the length of bole 50 feet, and 

 this size is only attained on the best favourable localities, as in Bellary, 

 Cuddapah, Nellore, Kistna and South Kanara the best trees are much 

 smaller. In Guntur it is absent. Mr. A. W. Lushington notes that in the 

 hills of North Coimbatore it is chiefly confined to the higher and damper 

 localities. It was tried for sleepers but most of the trees were found to 

 contain heart-shakes, probably caused by the devastating fires. 



Extraction. In Kistna, Coimbatore and South Kanara a certain 

 amount of the wood is felled in Coppice and Coppice with Standards forests 

 as fuel, and elsewhere felling up to date has been confined to scattered 

 Selection fellings as desired by purchasers. No large quantities have how- 

 ever been extracted nor can a heavy annual outturn be expected in future. 

 From most of the forest divisions the estimates of future outturn are too 

 small to be worth considering, but for such as have supplied details the 

 figures in the following table may be useful. The Malabar Timber Yard 

 and Saw Mills Limited quote R2 per cubic foot for scantlings and ft 2-2 

 per cubic foot for planks free on rail at Kallai. They call it Malabar 

 walnut. 



In Coorg the tree is known as Matti and is the predominant species in 

 the deciduous forests everywhere, attaining in the south a girth of 10 feet. 

 The timber is very largely used for house building and carts. About 

 20,000 cubic feet are estimated to be available annually, Government 

 royalty being imposed at 3^ annas per cubic foot. 



In Hyderabad it is called Nalla muddy, Saclora, Saj, Yen, Kari Muddy > . 

 Kari Matti and it is very largely used for house building. The bark is 

 much used for tanning and the tree is pollarded for tasar silk cultivation 

 by jungle tribes. It attains 6 feet in girth- in Telingana and 3 feet in 

 Aurangabad. At Warangal railway station the market rate is about SI -4 

 per cubic foot. From the Warangal, Karimnagar and Adilabad forests : 

 about 10,000 cubic feet have been and can be obtained annually. 



