NOTE ON SANDAN. 7 



(v) Western India. 



Vernacular names, Tiwas (Marathij, Tanach (Gujarati), Karimuttal 

 (Canarese). 



Local distribution. Only in Surat is this tree reported to be at all 

 common, and elsewhere it is irregularly scattered as in Madras, being re- 

 ported from Central and South Thana, the eastern and southern divisions 

 of Kanara and both divisions of Khandesh. In West Kanara and Satara 

 it is said not to occur. "When found it is in deciduous forests up to 3,000 

 feet above sea-level, usually in open spots, rarely attaining a girth of 

 more than 3 feet and frequently being much stunted. In the eastern 

 division of Kanara and in Surat 5 feet trees are sometimes found with a 

 35 ft. bole, but the ordinary trees are much smaller. Enumerations 

 were made for 8,600 acres in Central Thana and gave the total number 

 of trees over 18| inches in diameter as 172, and of trees 12 to 18| inches 

 in diameter as 1,545, the exploitable size for these forests being fixed at 

 18' 5 inches. 



Extraction. Little annual outturn can be expected except from the 

 Bangs and Mandvi forests in Surat where it pays to extract almost any 

 kind of this timber as the worst logs fetch over RIO per khandy and 

 good timber commands a high price. The future annual supply from. 

 these forests will be about 500 khandies yearly, a khandy being 12^ 

 cubic feet. The cost of delivering the timber to the Tapti Valley 

 Railway stations will be about Rll per khandy, to Bulsar R12 and to- 

 Surat R13. The local price in Kanara is R15 per khandy, and in Surat 

 it varies from R16 to R30. 



In Baroda it is scarce and of medium size and sells for about R6 for 

 12 cubic feet. 



In the Rajpipla State it is fairly common in the hill forests, attaining 

 a girth of 3 feet, and being estimated to be available in future to the 

 extent of 4,000 cubic feet annually. 30,000 cubic feet were extracted 

 between 1904 and 1909, the State duty being 5 annas per cubic foot 

 and the local price about Rl-8 per cubic foot in the round. It is 

 extracted by Bhils and a good deal is floated down the Nerbudda. It 

 can be delivered at Nandod or Chandod for Rl-8 per cubic foot and 

 at Ankleshwar for Rl-10, the rates for converted timber being double^ 



3 A 



