THE RED SANDERS. 



^Pterocarpus santalinus, Linn. f. 



Telugu. Chandanam . 

 1. Distribution. 



Red Sanders is found on the slopes of the hills of the Cuddapah 

 District and on those hills of the neighbouring Districts which 

 are found near the Cuddapah District boundary. The accompany- 

 ing map shows the distribution of located Red Sanders areas in 

 the East Cuddapah Division. Gamble in his " Manual of Indian 

 Timbers " remarked that Red Sanders was only found in this 

 locality, but it has since been reported to exist naturally in forests 

 in the Bombay Presidency. The Divisional Forest Officer of the 

 South Thana Division in the latter Presidency reported in 1914, that 

 it occurred scattered sparsely throughout the forests of this division 

 which comprises 181,400 acres. Only one to two trees per acre are, 

 on an average, found in these forests. The dimensions attained 

 seem to be similar to those to which the tree grows in Cuddapah ; but 

 the market value is not so high. 



In some of the hill blocks in East Cuddapah, areas containing 

 more than 10 per cent, of Red Sanders have been accurately located 

 and working-plans prepared, and these areas have been marked on 

 the map in red. In other blocks both in the East and West Divi- 

 sions, the Red Sanders areas have not yet been accurately located. 

 The total area covered by Red Sanders, above and below 10 per cent., 

 in the forests of both Divisions, is estimated to be about 1,000 square 

 miles. 



2. Climate. 



The climate is dry and hot. From March to the middle of 

 June the maximum shade temperature varies from 95 to 115 

 degrees Fahrenheit. The South-West Monsoon in July brings 

 some 10 to 15 inches of rain, the temperature falling to an average 

 of 92 degrees. During the latter part of August and the whole of 

 September, the temperature rises to an average of 102 degrees, and 

 it is then generally very sultry. With the break of the North-East 



