76 MONTANA EXPERIMENT STATION. 



of this region, but is not as good a shade tree as the white ash (F^ 

 Americana), which has already -been planted to some extent and 

 seems fairly well adapted to the climate at the lower elevations. 



The linden or linn (Tilia Europaea and T. Americana) grow 

 well here wherever they have been planted and the various maples 

 will also be found hardy, probably as far up as Great Falls and 

 Billings, while the box-elder (Negundo aceroides) is everywhere 

 planted. Three of the oaks have also been found hardy here, the 

 red (Quercus rubra), the white (Q. alba) and the bur-oak (Q. mac- 

 rocarpa). It is also probable that the various birches and the 

 mountain ash (Pirus sambucifolia and P. Aucuparia) can be made 

 grow without difficulty, although they are better adapted to the 

 other regions of the state. The evergreens are unlikely to do well 

 here without careful attention, although the red cedar (Juniperus 

 scopulorum), the scrub pine (Pin us scop ulorum) and the white pine 

 (P. fragilis), occurring native over part of this region, are the most 

 promising. The small trailing juniper (J. Sabina procumbens) has 

 also been successfully transplanted and makes a beautiful orna- 

 ment for the yard. 



This section is particularly adapted to the various ornamental 

 vines for covering porches, houses, etc. The hop is everywhere 

 planted, as is the wild cucumber (Echinocystis lobata), while the 

 Virginia creeper (Ampelopsis quinque folia), the wild clematis 

 (Clematis ligusticifolia) , the Canary bird flow^er (Tropseolum 

 peregrinum), the morning glory and the sweet pea are frequently 

 found. The beautiful large-flowered species of imported clematis 

 seem also to grow without special protection, while nearly all the 

 eastern annual vines and flowers will do well in these lower valleys 

 wherever sufficient water for lawn irrigation can be secured. 



2. MOUNTAIN VALLEYS (east of the Divide, mainly), including 

 the Gallatin, Madison, Jefferson, Beaverhead, Upper Missouri, 

 Deer Lodge and others between 3, 000 and 5,000 feet elevation. 



The usual shade trees here are the Balm of Gilead, the lance- 

 leaved and the narrow-leaved cottonwoods all native, as is also 

 the quaking-asp, frequently found. The river cottonwood and the 

 Carolina poplar are grown under favorable conditions, but are not 

 well adapted to this altitude. The maples all winter-kill, except the 

 native shrub maple (Acer glabrum) of the mountains and the oaks 



