Shade. Tree Suggestions. 11 



The box-elder is a desirable tree at altitudes of less than 

 7,000 feet, but it is extremely subject to the attacks of leaf- 

 eating insects.* The green ash and the elm are fairly free 

 from insect attacks, but do not withstand the climate well in 

 localities much above 6,000 feet. 



RUNNING SORES. 



Injuries due to borers and the running sores produced by 

 larvae of various insects, and especially by the plant lice, that 

 at once established themselves in bruises and wounds, need im- 

 mediate attention. The loss of sap stunts the tree, and, with 

 the decline of its vigor, the disease spreads, the leaves turn 

 yellow, mere existence results, and in a year or two the tree 

 is dead. 



Treatment of some kind is imperative. The following are 

 methods often employed : Dig out all decayed tissue, being 

 careful to remove all grubs and other larvae that may be found. 

 If the wound is one that will conduct water to the interior of 

 the stem it should be filled with grafting wax or putty, and then 

 water-proofed' with paint or tar. To destroy insects or their 

 eggs and larvae in the smaller sores and in bark crevices, it is a 

 common practice to whitewash the trunk and main branches, 

 being careful to saturate all infested sores and crevices. While 

 this is more or less effective, a more effective lime- wash is 

 made as below, and may be freely used, especially if applied in 

 the dormant state of the tree (Fall or Spring). It will be found 

 very effective for the destruction of eggs, of larvae and of 

 louse-like and scale insects. 



Lime, Sulphur and Salt Mixture. Lime 6 pounds, sulphur 

 4 pounds, salt 3 pounds, water 12 gallons; boil for one hour, 

 and apply with a brush while fresh. (In making smaller, or 

 larger quantities, use ingredients in same proportions.) 



*For methods of treatment to destroy insect pests see Bulletin No. 7, Insecticides. 



