64 Forest Club Annual 



a draft created by steam run in at the top. This combination 

 of sulphur, limestone and water results in the formation of an 

 acid whose formula has not been determined but is similar to 

 sulphurous acid. This is drawn off and stored in the main tank. 



The digestors are 30 feet long and 8 feet in diameter. They 

 are cylindrical in shape but taper at both top and bottom and 

 hold ten tons of chips. Oxidation of the sides must be guarded 

 against as the acid is very strong, hence there are three layers, 

 the outside being made of brick, the next of steel and the inside 

 of lead. After the chips are dumped in, the acid is poured on, 

 the door is closed and the chips allowed to cook for 10 hours after 

 heat is applied. This is a delicate process and must be super- 

 vised by an expert. The temperature and pressures are indi- 

 cated by means of automatic registers and at the same time 

 are recorded by automatic tracing charts. At the end of ten 

 hours, the material is cooked sufficiently and is called " sulphite." 

 It is washed and run over the couch rolls as described under the 

 mechanical process. 



The sulphite is now mixed with the " stock" from the 

 mechanical process. After being weighed the pulp is taken to 

 the beater room where it is run through a series of "beaters" 

 which consist of rectangular tanks rounded at the corners, 10 

 feet long, 5 feet wide and 4 feet high. In one end is a paddle 

 wheel, which is revolved rapidly after the stock has been put in 

 and water added. The beating process reduces the pulp to a 

 finer consistency. During this stage, various chemicals are 

 added, namely, alum which is used as a bleacher, a glue which 

 holds the fibers together, a sizer which "sets" the paper, and 

 rosin which fills up all the pores. The stock is next run through 

 a series of secondary beaters during which the process of the 

 primary beaters is continued. The operation requires six to 

 eight hours. 



The stock is now ready for the paper machine. The paper 

 room contains two large machines each 108 feet long and 12 feet 

 wide, requiring a force of 250 H. P. for operation. From the 

 secondary beaters the stock is conveyed to large rectangular 

 tanks. It now has the appearance of water and from the tanks 

 it is run onto an endless wire screen 70 meshes to the square inch. 

 This screen has both a horizontal and a lateral motion. This 

 has the effect of " setting" the paper and making it homogeneous. 

 While in motion a spray of water is played upon the stock to 

 regulate its consistency. 



From the screen the stock is run onto a series of 26 iron 

 rollers, which are placed horizontally and diagonally. Each 

 roller is 4 feet in diameter and 10 feet long. They are heated by 





