Factors Influencing Logging and Lumber Costs 13 



State is planed. There are no special factors entering into the 

 cost and there is no appreciable difference for the different 

 species. The cost will vary from $1.50 to $2.50 per thousand, 

 $2.00 being a fair average. 



No curing is done further than piling the lumber at the 

 mill for drying and there is no difference in cost for the different 

 species. 



HAULING. 



Western Yellow Pine and Douglas Fir will cost slightly 

 more to haul than Engelmann Spruce and Lodgepole Pine, because 

 they are heavier. Lumber roads are usually better for the spe- 

 cies growing at lower elevations as discussed under "Roads". 

 As a general thing these species will also be favored by the 

 climatic conditions, which are more favorable at the lower alti- 

 tudes. 



It is difficult to state an average price for this item. The 

 quality of the roads enters very largely into the cost, because 

 it decides the quantity that can be hauled on a load. The 

 road is usually on a slope and frequently the hardest end of 

 the trip is the return of the empty wagon to the mill. One 

 thousand board feet is a fair load for two horses, but where 

 four are used three thousand feet is often hauled at a load. 

 At distances where one trip can be made per day, the average 

 cost of a seven to ten mile haul will be about $4.00 per thou- 

 sand ; for three to six miles it will be about $3.00 per thousand 

 and for ten miles or over it will be more than $4.00. Well 

 dried lumber can be hauled at less cost than green lumber. 



LOADING. 



There are no special conditions affecting cost of loading 

 for different species. Where there is room beside the rail- 

 road track to construct a platform where the lumber can be 

 piled as unloaded from the wagon, it can be put on the cars 

 at a slightly reduced cost because it does not require so much 

 lifting. An average cost per thousand for loading is 50 cents. 



FREIGHT. 



The heavier species will cost more per thousand for ship- 

 ping, unless shipped on a line where the cars are not weighed. 

 The cost is ten per cent higher for Western Yellow Pine and 

 Douglas Fir. An average load on a standard guage car is 

 30,000 board feet, which will weigh approximately 100,000 

 pounds. Freight rates usually vary from six to twenty cents 

 per hundred weight, varying of course with the length of the 



