72 Forest Club Annual 



e2. Buds solitary at end of twig. 



/i. Buds long narrow appressed, one cap-like 

 scale glabrous or pubescent, bundle-scars three 

 in a narrow lunate leaf-scar, stipule-scars 

 usually distinct, twigs slender, no terminal bud, 

 tip-scar often prominent. 



Salix Linn. 



J2. Bud globular very small, three scales visible, 

 a one-fourth inch thorn accompanying the 

 axillary bud, leaf-scar small round with one 

 bundle-scar or several clustered in the center, 

 stipule-scars very small, twigs small, sap mil- 

 ky, pith of the older branchlets often yellow, 

 no terminal bud, tip-scar indistinct. 



Toxylon pomiferum Raf. 

 /j. Buds ovate or long oval, apex acute, two to 



four scales visible. 



gi- Bundle-scars three, dwarf shoots common, 

 buds long oval about one-fourth inch long 4 , 

 twigs small, no terminal bud, tip-scar distinct. 



*Betula Linn. 



hi. Twigs dull red, becoming shiny dark yel- 

 lowish brown the second year, buds slight- 

 ly resinous. 



B. papyrifera Marsh. 



hs. Twigs light yellowish brown, becoming 

 shiny yellowish brown. 



B. lutea Michx. 



Aj. Twigs very dark red shiny becoming dull 

 reddish brown the second year. 



B. nigra Linn. 



hq. Twigs bright red brown shiny becoming 

 dull brown, have wintergreen flavor. 



B. lenta Linn. 



g2. Bundle-scars four to six or more scattered, 



no dwarf shoots, stipule-scars small but 



distinct, no terminal bud, tip-scar distinct. 



hi. Pith five-angled, buds glabrous dark brown 



ovate or oval scarcely one-fourth inch 



long, twig glabrous brown. 



Castanea dentata (Marsh) Borkh. 

 h2. Pith round, buds broadly ovate, one- 

 fourth inch long light brown glabrous, 



^Distinction between the species is difficult from twigs alone. 



