Logging in Southeastern Te.vas 19 



tank with a capacity of 2,000 gallons is located beside the 

 pump house. One man is employed to run the pump and he 

 also does blacksmith work at camp. Water is hauled to 

 the corral in the woods in water cars of 800 gallons capacity. 

 The water for the balance of the camp is furnished by 3 

 wells, one located in each "quarter." 



A logging superintendent has general charge of the 

 operation and all business connected with it. Most of his 

 time is spent at camp, although he makes frequent inspection 

 trips to the woods. A wood's foreman has charge of the 

 operation in the woods and spends most of his time there. 

 He also manages the boarding cars and has the fuel con- 

 tracts, which are mentioned later. A team boss under the 

 wood's foreman has charge of the swamping and skidding 

 crews; he also attends to blazing out logging roads and 

 spends all of his time in the woods. The wood's foreman 

 and the team boss use saddle horses, while the logging super- 

 intendent uses a track velocipede on his inspection trips. The 

 sealer working under the wood's foreman has charge of the 

 cutting crew. 



The company is logging about 80,000 feet B. M. daily 

 at present but have equipment enough to get out twice as 

 much. The following notes were secured while the logging 

 was being carried on in the slope type. 



The cutting is done by contract and all of the sawyers 

 or "flatheads" do their own filing and at present furnish 

 their own equipment, which consists of saws, axes, wedges, 

 bottles of kerosene, and water kegs. Each sawyer uses his 

 own favorite style of saw and ax. The company furnishes 

 the measuring sticks. The cutting force numbers from 12 

 to 16 men, two men working together. They are principally 

 small farmers who live at home. In felling the trees no 

 care whatever is exercised to prevent injury to the forest, 

 the only object being to make skidding as easy as possible. 

 Everything is supposed to be taken which will cut a log 

 over 8 inches in diameter at the small end and 16 feet long; 

 but as there is no inspection of cutting, such small logs are 

 rarely taken. Sawyers must limb the logs and cut them into 

 lengths which are multiples of 2 feet, allowing one foot on 

 long logs for cross cutting at the mill. The lengths must 

 be from 16 to 32 feet. Long logs are preferred because they 

 mean fewer logs to be handled ; furthermore, short logs are 

 difficult to load with the steam loader. This contract sys- 



