Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 17 



pectorals. Teeth nyl Scales on upper edge of tail enlarged. Head 7i 

 in length. Greatest depth of body about 15. Color, plain brown. L. 5 

 to 6 feet (Garman). Seas about Japan; also taken off Madeira, in deep 

 water. Not certainly known from the American coast, but if fishermen's 

 drawings can be trusted, this is found in the Western Atlantic and is 

 probably the original of some of the recorded " sea serpents." (anguineus, 

 from anyuis, the slow worm, the word allied to anguilla tyx^vC) eel.) 

 Chl<ii,i,/,l,^cl<ic!nts aiii/iiineus, GARMAN, I. c.,qnd in Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 1885, xn, No. 1, with 

 plates and account of anatomy, off Japan ; GUNTHER, Deep Sea Fishes, Challenger, 1884, 

 with plates, Japan; COLLETT, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1890, 219; Funchal, Madeira. 



Family VI. HEXANCHHXE. 



(THE Cow SHARKS.) 



Body moderately elongate, somewhat depressed anteriorly, tapering 

 toward the caudal fin. Head depressed, oblong, with the snout project- 

 ing. Eyes submediau or anterior, without nictitating membrane. Mouth 

 subinferior, large, arched in front; no labial fold. Teeth in the 2 jaws 

 unlike ; in the upper jaw 1 or 2 pairs of awl-shaped teeth, the next 

 6 teeth broader and each provided with several cusps, one of which is 

 much the strongest. Lower jaw with 6 large comb-like teeth on each 

 side, besides the smaller posterior teeth. Spiracles small, on the side of 

 the neck. Only 1 dorsal fin, without spine, opposite the anal, and 

 similar to it. No pit at the root of the caudal. Gill openings wide, 6 

 or 7 in number. Viviparous sharks, sometimes reaching a very large 

 size. Genera 3; species about 7; of the warm seas. (NOTLDANHXE, Giin- 

 ther, Cat., vin, 397-399.) 



a. Gill openings 7 on each side ; median tooth of lower jaw with a email median cusp or none. 



NOTORHYNCHUS, 11. 



aa. Gill openings 6 on each side ; median tooth of lower jaw with a small median cusp or none. 



HEXANCHUS, 12. 



ii. NOTORHYNCHUS,* Ayres. 



Notorhynchus, AYRES, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci., 1856, i, 72, (maculatus) . 



Gill openings 7 on each side. Dentition in general much as in Hex- 

 anchus, the lower teeth uniform in size or decreasing toward corners of 

 mouth ; cusps on the cutting edge regularly graduated, while the ascend- 

 ing inner margin of each tooth is finely serrated ; median tooth of lower 

 jaw with the median cusp small or wanting. Two species known; 

 spotted sharks of the Pacific, (vwroq, back; frvyxos, snout; the allusion 

 not clear.) 



17. NOTORHYNCHUS MACULATUS, Ayres. 



Snout broad, rounded, the nostrils near its tip; spiracles large, nearer 

 the gill openings than the eye; a long furrow at the angle of the mouth. 

 No median tooth in upper jaw; 2 small teeth near together in front, 

 simple and pointed; 2 a little larger, behind and outside of these; 



*In Heptranchias cinereus, the European type of Heptranchias, the lower median tooth has a 

 strong central cusp. 



F. N. A. 3 



