24 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



Subgenus CATULUS. 



23. CATULUS XANIURUS, Gilbert. 



Snout short, broadly rounded, its length from mouth, \ greatest width 

 of snout, which is equal to width of mouth; angle of mouth with folds, 

 that on lower jaw twice as long as on upper, reaching about i distance 

 to symphysis; teeth small; snout and sides of head with numerous mu- 

 cous pores; eyes large. Pectoral small, rounded; first dorsal over ven- 

 trals, its base 2 in the interspace between dorsals, shorter than that of 

 anal ; second dorsal slightly shorter and lower than first, its base If in 

 anal; caudal 4 in length; upper edge of caudal in adult with a broad 

 band of enlarged, broad, crowded, tricuspid scales, the band broader than 

 in the European Pristiurus melastomus, and the scales less acute; scales 

 of body much coarser than in Pristiurus. Color dark slaty brown, usually 

 uniform above, sometimes with small whitish spots, the fins often edged 

 with paler ; belly pale. L. 2 feet. Pacific coast of Southern California, 

 abundant in rather deep water; apparently a transitional form between 

 Catulus and Pristiurus with the appearance of the former, but approach- 

 ing the latter in the scaling of the tail, (t-ariov, scraper; ovpd, tail.) 



Catulus xaniuru*, GILBERT, Proc. TJ. S. Nat. Mus., 1891, 540; off Southern and Lower Califor- 

 nia, in 184 to 684 fathoms. 



24. CATULUS BRUNNEUS, Gilbert. 



Body deeper, head narrower, snout longer and sharper than in C. 

 xaniurus. Preoral part of snout f greatest width of snout and f width of 

 mouth. Angle of mouth with labial folds, the lower slightly shorter than 

 upper and reaching halfway to symphysis. Eye 3 in snout. Pectorals 

 more adnate to body than usual. First dorsal narrow and high, reaching 

 little beyond ventrals, its base li in interspace between dorsals; second 

 dorsal slightly larger than first ; anal very long, its base 2^ times that of 

 either dorsal. Caudal 3| in body, the scales along its upper edge like 

 those on rest of body, not saw*like. Uniform warm brown above and 

 below, the snout and edges of fins blackish. L. 20 inches. Gulf of Cal- 

 ifornia, in deep water; one specimen known, a female with mature eggs. 

 (brunneus, brown.) 

 Catulus brunneus, GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1891, 542, Gulf of California. 



25. CATULUS CEPHALUS, Gilbert. 



Allied to C. xaniurus, but the head wider, the snout shorter, the preoral 

 portion less than i its greatest width ; color darker, the belly dark brown 

 like the back, the second dorsal larger, more posteriorly placed, the first 

 dorsal larger, the anal smaller, scarcely larger than the second dorsal ; 

 pores on head large, in rows instead of patches. Tail without band of 

 enlarged scales (these possibly developed in the adult). Teeth mostly 

 tricuspid, the inner sometimes with 4 or even 5 cusps. Size very small, 

 probably not over 15 inches when adult. Gulf of California and southward, 

 in deep water; no full-grown examples known, (/ce^a/l//, head.) 



Catulus cephalus, GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1891, 541, deep water near the Revillagig- 

 edo Islands and in the Gulf of California, in 362 to 460 fathoms. 



