Jordan and Evcrmann. Pishes of North America. 29 



pale gray, tins all pale. L. 20 inches. West coast of Mexico, common in 

 Gulf of California. (IttHulatun, somewhat moon-shaped, from the concave 

 margins of the fins). 



Mi,st,/* lint>il<,hn>, Join AN & GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 108, Mazatlan, Mexico. 

 . No. 211211.) 



31. MUSTELUS CAMS, (Mitchill). 

 (SMOOTH HOUND; DOG-SHARK; BOCA DULCE.) 



liody slender, tapering backward from the dorsal fin to the long slender 

 tail : snout depressed, moderately sharp: mouth small, the teeth all alike 

 bluntish: a fold at the angle of the mouth; lower lobe of caudal blunt; 

 tail more than i body, its terminal lobe more than i its length; pectorals 

 rather obtuse, their free margins little incised, their tips reaching first 

 third of dorsal ; inner lobe of ventrals produced; embryo without pla- 

 centa. Coloration light gray, nearly uniform, sometimes with pale spots. 

 Length 2 to 3 feet. Cape Cod to Cuba and in Southern Europe ; abundant 

 on the Atlantic coasts of both continents, especially off New York and in 

 the Mediterranean, (cams, dog.) (Eu.) 



cams, MITCHILL, Trans. Lit. Phil. Soc. N. Y., 1, 1815, 486, New York. 

 s *tfi-ias, CLOQUET, Diet., 407, 1820, Europe. 



<></;/)(', MILLER & HENLE, Plagiostomen, 190, pi. 27, fig. 1, 1838, Europe. 

 S'/nutitx Itiniiiilns, BLAINVILLE, Faune Franc., 83, pi. 20, fig. 2, 1828, Mediterranean. 

 Mush-tins sttllaius, Risso, Eur. Merid., m, 1826, 126, Nice. 



::i<t>, : jus, BONAPARTE, Fauna Italica, part vni, 43, plate 132,1834, Italy. 

 Mnxt.'lw cuhjaris, GUNTHER, Cat., vni, 386, 1870. 

 Mttntelus canis, STORER, Fish. Mass., 227, 1867; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 870, 1883. 



19. GALEUS, Rafinesque. 



, RAFINESQUE, Caratteri Alcuni Nuovi Generi, 13, 1810, (mustelus,* etc.; the intended type 

 is apparently Sq. galeus, L., though that species is not mentioned by name). 

 ',.</"<\f LKACH, Observ. genus Squalus, 62, 1812, (muslelus). 



;,i!/l>.i, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, 148, (lsevis=mnstelus). 



* t;,,l f ,is miifilelus (Linnaeus), the Smooth Hound, of Europe, has been listed as American by 

 Dr t Giinther, who records a stuffed specimen from New York. No American collector has rec- 

 ogni/,fd it. 



fThe name Galeus was first used in binominal nomenclatuie by Rafinesque, for a genus thus 

 defined: 



" VIII. G. GALEUS. Due spiragli, due ale dorsali, un ala anale, cinque branchie da ogni lato, 

 coda diseguale, obliqua. 



' os-wi -'izinne. La niaggior parti delli Squall degli autori si annoverano in questo genere, il 

 qimlc si distingue dal vero geuere Squalus della preseu/adi uu ala anale." 



Four spcries are mentioned, i-nlpecnlus,melaslomus, caltdus, and nntstelus. The species which the 

 author had in rniud was doubtless Squalus galeits, L. 



Tliis well-known species agrees with the above diagnosis, and although not explicitly included 

 in the genus (for llafinesque's paper treated only of new species and new genera), yet it would go 

 with the othfi-sas one of the "matrgior parti delli gt</i." An important argument for this 

 view rests in the fact that Kafinesque adopteu many Linnsean specific names for his genera, and 

 in most cases explicitly specified such Linnaean species as the types of his genera. There can be 

 no doubt diat Squalus galeus, L., was his type of his genus Galeus, and Squalus carcharias, L., his 

 type of liis CurrlinriiiK. 



In 1X12, Leach proposed a genus Galena, to include sharks with the anal fin present and the 

 caudal fin irregular (L e., not lunate). This genus thus defined, corresponds nearly to Galeus of 

 Bafinesque. But one species, Galeus inuftelm, is mentioned by Leach, the same species having 

 been included in G<il<-><*, Kafiuesque. For this reason we have formerly adopted the name 

 t for G. wustelvs. Still later, a subgcnus, Guleorliimts, was proposed by Blaiuville for sharks 

 distinguished from Carcharinm, Blainville, by the presence of spiracles. This group again cor- 

 n-spunds to the Guk-Kxaf KatineM|iie and Loach. In this group are included with others, etpuutu 

 m.vM/ix and K/mtl,,* ,/alens of Linna-us, th" latter species being obviously intended as the type. 

 Still later (1817J, the genera Muslelus and Galeus were defined by Cuvier, and with his definition 



