50 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



34. CARCHARODON,* Smith. 

 (MAN-EATER SHARKS.) 



Carcliarodon, ANDREW SMITH, Proc. Geol Soc. London, v, 86, 1837, (capensis=carcharias). 



General characters of Isurus and Lamna, but with a different dentition, 

 the teeth being large, flat, erect, regularly triangular, their edges serrated ; 

 first dorsal moderate, nearly midway between pectorals and ventrals; 

 second dorsal and anal very small; pectorals large, veutrals moderate; 

 caudal peduncle rather stout ; spiracles minute or absent. Sharks of very 

 large size; the strongest and most voracious of all fishes; pelagic, found 

 in most warm seas, (/cdp^upof, rough; dtiovs, tooth.) 



68. CARCHARODON CARCHARIAS,f (Linnseus). 

 (MAN-EATER SHARK; GREAT WHITE SHARK.) 



Body stout, depth about 5i in total length ; mouth very large ; both 

 jaws with 5 rows of large, triangular, serrated teeth, those in the lower 

 jaw narrower, about f f in each row ; first dorsal somewhat behind pec- 

 torals; caudal fin large and strong. Color leaden gray; tips and edges of 

 pectorals black. One of the largest of the sharks, reaching a length of 

 30 feet. It is found in all temperate and tropical seas, and is occasionally 

 taken on our coasts, both in "the Atlantic and the Pacific. One caught 

 near Soquel, California, was about 30 feet long and had a young sea lion, 

 weighing about 100 pounds, in its stomach, (itapxapiag, an old name of 

 Carcharliinus lamia and of other man-eating sharks.) (Eu. ) 



Lamia, RONDELET, Hist. Poiss., 305, 1558, good figure, Nice, Marseilles. 



Squalus carcharias,l LINN^EUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 1758, 235, Europe, after Artedi. 



Carcharias verus, AGASSIZ, Poiss. Foss., in, 91, 1836. 



Carcharodon rondeleti, MULLER & HENLE, Plagiostomen, 70, 1838, after Rondelet, Mediterranean 



Sea and Atlantic Ocean. 



Carcharodon rondeleti, GUNTHER, Cat., vin, 392, 1870. 



Carcharias atwoodi, STORER, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., n, 1848, 71, Provincetown. 

 Carcharodon Carcharias, JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 875, 1883. 

 Carcharodon capensis, SMITH, 111. Zool. S. Africa, pi. 4, 1842, Cape of Good Hope. 

 Carcharodon smithi, BONAPARTE, Selach. Tab. Anal., 9, 1839, after Smith. 



Family XVI. CETORHINID^. 

 (THE BASKING SHARKS.) 



Sharks of immense size, with the gill openings extremely wide, extend- 

 ing from the back nearly to the median line of the throat, all of them in 



* One species of this genus, Carcharodon megalodon, now extinct, must have reached a far larger 

 size than the living Carcharodon Carcharias. Its teeth are found in great abundance in tertiary 

 deposits along the coast of South Carolina. 



f A good account of this species is given by Dr. W. B. Stevenson, Proc. Vassar Brothers Sci. Soc., 

 Poughkeepsie, 1884J and in the American Naturalist for the same year. 



JThis species, well figured by Rondelet, and described by Artedi, and after him by Linnsvus, 

 seems to have been lost sight of by subsequent writers from 1758 to 1836, the various references 

 to Squaku carcharias, between Linuanis and Miiller & Henle, belonging chiefly to Carcharias lamia, 

 The true Squalus carcharias of Linnaeus is, however, unquestionably the Carcharodon. 



g" Jonam Prophetam, ut veteresllerculemtrinoctem, inhujus ventriculo tridui spatio, bsesisse 

 verosimile est," Linn&ns. 



