Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 217 



349. PIMEPHALES PROMELAS, Rafinesque. 

 (FAT-HEAD; BLACK-HEAD MINNOW.) 



Head 4; depth 4; D.I, 7; A.7; scales 7-43 to 47-6; teeth 4-4. Body 

 very short and deep. Head short, everywhere convex, almost golmlar 

 in adult males. Mouth small, inferior, horizontal. Scales deep, closely 

 imbricated. Lateral line extremely variable, sometimes nearly complete 

 (conferlus), sometimes almost wanting, (typical promelas}. Olivaceous, the 

 dorsal with a large black bar across it, nearly half way up, most distinct 

 anteriorly, appearing as a simple dusky shade in the young. Male 

 fish dusky, the head jet-black, with several large tubercles on the snout 

 in spring; a dusky shade along sides of caudal peduncle. Length 2| inches. 

 Lake Chaniplain to Kentucky, Dakota, and the Rio Grande; abundant in 

 sluggish brooks, especially in the Missouri Basin. Varies greatly with 

 age, sex, and season. (7rp6, before; ///\af, black.) 



Pimephales promelas, RAFINESQUE, Ichth. Oh., 63, 1820, pond near Lexington, Kentucky; 

 (Coll. Wm. M. Clifford); GUNTHER, Cat., vn, 181, 1868 ; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 158, 

 1883. 



Pimephales fasciatus, GIRARD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, 180, Yellowstone River. (Coll. 

 Hayden.) 



Planjyms melanocephalus, ABBOTT, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860,325, Lake Whittlesey, Min- 

 nesota. (Type, No. 3374. Coll. Abbott.) 



Pimephales milesi* COPE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, 282, Grosse Isle, Detroit River, 

 Michigan. (Coll. Miles.) GUNTHER, Cat., vn, 181, 1868. 



Pvmephales ayassizii, COPE, Cypr. Penn., 394, 1866, Miami River, tributary near Rich- 

 mond, Indiana. 



Coliscus parielalis, COPE, Hayden's Report for 1870, Geolog. Surv. of Wyoming, 437, 1871, Saint 

 Joseph, Missouri. (Coll. Hayden.) JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 158, 1883. 



Represented in Arkansas and Indian Territory by the closely related 

 349a. PIMEPHALES PROMELAS MACULOSUS (Girard). 



Diifers only in having the lateral line better developed ; the pores want- 

 ing on less than half the scales. Coloration, so far as known, as in P. 

 promelas. Arkansas River, locally abundant, probably in other streams 

 from Kansas to Texas, (maculosus, spotted.) 



Pimephales maculosus, GIRARD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, 180, Sluices of Arkansas River, 

 Fort Makee, Arkansas; (Type, No. 153, (2729). Coll. Bec-kwith.) GIRAUD, Pac. R. R. 

 Surv., x, 234, 1858. 



Hyborhynchus nigellv*, COPE, Zool. Wheeler Surv., v, 671, 1875, (1876), Arkansas River, Pueblo, 

 Colorado. (Type, Nos. 15793 and 15784. Coll. Aiken.) 



Hyborhynchus confertm, JORDAN & GILBERT, in part, Synopsis, 159, 1883. 



Represented in the Rio Grande basin by 



349b. PIMEPHALES PROMELAS CONFERTUS (Girard). 



Similar to the variety maculosus, but more chubby, and the male appar- 

 ently differently colored. An adult male from the Chihuahua River, col- 

 lected by Mr. Woolman, is black, with two broad white cross bands, the 

 one across the gill opening, including edge of opercle and shoulder 

 girdle ; the other under front of dorsal. Another band, less distinct, 



^Pimephales miUsi may be a tangible variety; the scales are said to be 40 ^ithonly 3 series 

 between the lateral line and the ventrals, while there are usually 6 to 7 in P. promelas. 



