Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 221 



hooked, without grinding surface. Scales moderate. Lateral line con- 

 tinuous. Dorsal more or less posterior to ventrals. Anal basis short. 

 Vertebra? 22+20 = 42. Species of largesize, the largest of the chubs found 

 in Eastern America, differing from Leuciscus in the presence of a maxillary 

 barbel. (af//j,a, banner, i. e., dorsal fin ; the second part of the word was 

 elsewhere used by Rafinesque to mean " spotted.") 



LEUCOSOMUS : (Aev<co?, white ; aw/ma, body): 



a. Origin of dorsal midway between nostril and base of caudal, between 13th and 14th ver- 

 tebra' ; scales not much crowded anteriorly. 

 6. Dorsal without black spot ; scales large, silvery, about 45 in lateral line. 



CORPORALIS, 354. 



SEMOTIM-S : 

 aa. Origin of dorsal midway between middle of orbit and base of caudal, between 15th and 



loth vertebrae. Scales crowded anteriorly. 



c. Dorsal with a black spot at baso of its anterior rays ; scales smaller, little silvery, 45 

 to Go in lateral line. ATROMACULATUS, 355. 



Subgenus LEUCOSOMUS, Heckel. 



354. SEMOTILUS CORPORALIS (Mitchill). 



(FALL-FISH ; SILVER CHUB ; WJND-FISII ; CORPORAL.) 



Head 4; depth 4; eye 4|. D. 8; A. 8; scales 8-45-4; teeth 2, 5-4,2. 

 Body oblong, robust, little compressed. Head large, convex, the snout 

 bluntly conic ; mouth large, terminal, somewhat oblique, the lower jaw 

 included; premaxillary below the level. of the eye, the maxillary barely 

 reaching front of orbit. Eye moderate, rather high up and anterior. 

 Barbel shorter than pupil, not evident in young specimens. Scales large, 

 22 in front of dorsal, not much crowded anteriorly. Dorsal fin slightly 

 behind middle of body, just behind ventrals, inserted behind 13th vertebra. 

 Fins moderate. Coloration brilliant ; steel-blue above ; sides and belly sil- 

 very; males in spring with the belly and lower fins rosy or crimson ; no spots 

 on the fins. Length 18 inches. Abundant from the St. Lawrence to the 

 James, east of the Alleghanies, in clear, swift streams, rock pools, below 

 cataracts, and in clear lakes; .not found west of the Alleghanies. It is 

 much the largest of the eastern Cyprinidce, ranking with the western and 

 some European forms. " The chub is a soft fish and tastes like brown 

 paper, salted." (Thoreau.) (corporalis, pertaining to the body ; Mitchill 

 calls the fish Corporal or Corporaalen.) 



Cyprinus corporalis,* MITCHILL, Amer. Monthly Mag., i, July, 1817, 289, preliminary notice, 

 Wallkill River; MITCHILL, I. c., ii, February, 1818, 324, detailed description. 

 Cyprinus bnl!,iris, KAFiNESQUE, Amer. Monthly Mag., i, December, 1817, 120, Hudson River 



and Wood Creek. 



LeuciscHs anjenteii*, STORER, Fishes Mass., 90, 1839, "Worcester County, Mass. 

 ].>-n,-ix<;<8 pnlchdlus, STORER, Fishes Mass., 90, 1839, Walpole, Mass. 

 Leu'-iix'Hs nitiiliiK, DE!VAY, N. Y. Fauna : Fishes, 209, 1842, Lake Champlain. 

 Leucueus chrijsopierus, DEKAY, X. Y. Fauna : Fishes, 211, 1842, N. Y. Harbor. 

 Leuciscus rotengulus, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, xvn, 318, 1844, Carolina. 

 Leuciscus pulchellus, STORER, Synopsis, 412, 1845, Massachusetts. 

 Leucosfsnms calaractusrf BAIRD iu Iconog. Encycl., n, 216, and in COPE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 



1861, 523, Susquehanna River. 



* As to the priority of the names of Mitchill and Rafinesque, see note under Notropis cornutus. 

 This species is evidently Mitchill's Cyprinus corporal i*, and the transfer of the name BMMtffeM 

 corporalis to the next species by Abbottj Putnam, and Cope, has been an unfortunate and confusing 



f According to Copo, the nominal species, cataractus and rhothevs, differ from the northern form, 

 pvMicllu* (or corporalix), in the smaller scales, these having 47 in the lateral line, whilejwkfeOw 

 in Massachusetts has 59. This difference has not been verified by later writers, who place all 

 under one head. G anther counts 45 to 48 in specimens mostly from Maine and Canada. 



