224 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



other Cyprinidce by the great development of the upper lobe of the caudal 

 and its rudimentary rays. (/m/cpoAfTndorof, large-scaled.) 

 Leuciscus macrolepidotus, AYRES, Placer Times and Transcript, 1854, May 30, San Francisco. 

 Pogonichlhys insequilobus, BAIRD & GIRARD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854, 13G, (August), San 



Joaquin River, California ; and GIRARD, Pac. R. E. Surv., x, 245, 1858. 

 Pogouichthys argyreiosus, GIRARD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854, 153, Presidio, California. 

 Leucosomus argyreiosus, GUNTHER, Cat., vn, 267, 186S. 

 Leucosomus insequilobus, GUNTHER, Cat., vn, 271, 1868. 

 Pogonichlhys macrolepidotus, JORDAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 326; JORDAN & GILISERT, 



Synopsis, 223, 1883. 

 Symmetrurus argyreiosus, JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 222, 1883; young specimens, 4 inches long. 



114. PTYCHOCHEILUS, Agassiz. 



Ptychocheilus, AGASSIZ, Amer. Journ. Sci. Arts, 1855, 229, (gracilix). 



Body elongate, little elevated, the caudal peduncle not ,'contracted. 

 Head long, slender, pike-like; mouth nearly horizontal, widely cleft, the 

 maxillary extending to below the eye, the upper lip rather below the 

 level of the eye ; lower jaw included, both anteriorly and laterally ; no 

 barbel; lips thick. Scales small, little imbricated, mostly longer than 

 deep. Lateral line decurved. Gill rakers very short. Dorsal fin well 

 back, somewhat behind ventrals. Anal basis short. Caudal fin strong, 

 its rudimentary rays not greatly developed. Intestinal canal short. 

 Teeth 2, 5-4, 2 ; the straight limb of the pharyngeal bone extremely long 

 and slender, its teeth wide apart, subconical, scarcely compressed, and 

 but slightly curved at tip, the hook being turned in the direction of the 

 angle of the bone ; no trace of grinding surface. Fishes of very largo 

 size, reaching a length of more than 4 feet, the largest of the Leuciscine 

 Cyprinidce. With a general resemblance to Leuciscus and Gila, this genus 

 differs strongly in the form of the pharyngeal bones and teeth. In this 

 genus, as in Gila, the vertebrae are more numerous than usual in Leucivcus, 

 45 or 46 instead of 42 to 45. (7m;f, fold; ^etAof, lip; the skin of the 

 mouth behind the jaws being folded.) 



a. Scales of the lateral line 73 to 86, those before dorsal about 55. OREGONENSIS, 357. 

 oa. Scales in the lateral line about 90. 



b. Head 4 in length; cleft of mouth 3% in head. HARFORDI, 358. 



bb. Head 3% in length; cleft of mouth 3| in head. LUCIUS, 359. 



357. PTYCHOCHEILUS OREGONENSIS (Richardson). 

 (SQUAW-FISH ; CHAPPAUL; SACRAMENTO PIKE.) 



HeadSf; depth 4| to 5; eye small, 7 in head, 2| in snout; snout 3. D.10; 

 A. 8 ; scales 9-73 to 86-7, 42 to 60 before the dorsal ; teeth 2, 4-5, 2. Body 

 comparati vely robust, with stout caudal peduncle. Mouth large, the maxil- 

 lary reaching front of pupil. Eye small, in young specimens proportion- 

 ately much larger. Lateral line strongly decurved, much nearer belly 

 than back. Coloration muddy greenish, with a few silvery scales; belly 

 silvery ; the fins, in spring, with red or orange; scales dusted with dark 

 dots; young with black caudal spot. Length 2 to 4 feet. Rivers from 

 Vancouver Island south to the San Joaquin; abundant in Columbia 



