Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 327 



except for a fow scales in front. Pectoral fins large and pointed, reach- 

 ing ventrals, the latter to vent ; front of dorsal a trifle before ventrals 

 and a little nearer snout than caudal. Color plain, with a plumbeous 

 luster along sides, and traces of a dusky lateral stripe behind dorsal. 

 Length 2i inches. (Forbes.) One specimen from the Ohio River at Cairo, 

 probably adult, as the snout is tuberculate. A doubtful species, per- 

 haps the young of P. gracilis. (pallidus, pale.) 



Platygobio paUiilxx, FORBES, MS., JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 220, 1883, Ohio River, at 

 Cairo, Illinois. (Coll. Forbes.) 



133. EXOGLOSSUM (Rafinesque). 



Eroglossum, RAFINESQUE, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1818, 420, (lesueurianum). 

 Maxillingna, RAFINESQUE, /. c., 1818, 421, (maxillingua). 



Body moderately elongate, little compressed. Mouth peculiar, the 

 mandible being contracted and incurved, its outline strongly 3-lobed; 

 this appearance is due to the fact that the dentary bones lie close 

 together, parallel, and are united throughout their length, instead of 

 forming a broad arch, as in all other Cyprinoid fishes; lower lip repre- 

 sented by a broad, fleshy lobe on each side of the mandible. Upper jaw 

 not protractile; upper lip thick, somewhat plicate. Pharyngeal bones 

 small, the tooth hooked, without grinding surface, 1, 4-4, 1. Scales 

 moderate. Lateral line complete. Fins without spines. Dorsal slightly 

 behind ventrals. Anal basis short. Isthmus broad. Gill rakers weak. 

 Pseudobranchhe present. Air bladder normal. Alimentary canal short; 

 peritoneum white. Size rather large. Sexual changes not marked, the 

 males with some black pigment. One of the most strongly marked genera 

 of Cyprinidve, with a single species. (efw, outside; yTiuaaa, tongue.) 



545. EXOGLOSSUM MAXILLINGUA (Le Sueur). 

 ( CUT-LIPS ; NIGGER CHUB; NIGGER DICK.) 



Head 4 ; depth 4*. D. 8 ; A. 7 ; scales 8-53-5 ; teeth 1, 4-4, 1. Body 

 rather stout, little compressed. Head large, broad and flattish above, 

 with tumid cheeks. Mouth moderate, slightly oblique, the end of maxil- 

 lary not reaching line of orbit. Upper jaw longer than lower. Scales 

 rather crowded anteriorly, those in front of dorsal small. Color oliva- 

 ceous, smoky or dark above ; a blackish bar behind opercle, and a dusky 

 shade at root of caudal in young ; fins unmarked. Length 6 inches. Lake 

 Ontario, St. Lawrence River, Lake Champlain, Hudson River, and Cayuga 

 Lake, and southward to Virginia; abundant in the basins of the Susque- 

 hanna, Hudson, Potomac, James, Roanoke, and Kanawha, but not widely 

 distributed. One of the most singular of the Cyprinidce, distinguished 

 at sight by its 3-lobed lower jaw. (maxilla, jaw ; lingua, tongue.) 

 Cyprmus maxilUngua, LE SUEUR, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1817, 8", Pipe Creek, Mary- 



land. 



Ezogloswm annulatum, RAFINESQUE, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1818, 421, Hudson River. 

 Exoglossum nigrescent, RAFINESQUE, I. c., 1818, 421, Lake Champlain. 

 Exoglossum vittatum, RAFINESQUE, I. c., 1818, 421, Hudson River. 

 Exoglossum lesueurianum, RAFINESQUE, I. c., 1818, 421, (after Le Sueur). 

 Exoglossom maxilUngua, GUNTHER, Cat., vn, 188, 1868; COPE, Cypr. Peun., 360, 1866; JORDAN & 



GILBERT, Synopsis, 160, 1883. 



