426 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



Clnpea mediocri, MITCHILL, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc. N. Y., i, 1815, 450, New York ; JOR- 

 DAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 266, 1883. 



Clupea mattowacca, MITCHILL, I. c., i, 1815, 451, pi. 5, fig. 8, New York ; GUNTHER, Cat., vn, 

 438, 1868. 



f Clupea parvula, MITCHILL, I. c., I, 1815, 452, New York. 



? Clupea pusilla, MITCHILL, I. c., i, 1815, 452, New York. 



Clupea fasciata, LE SUEUR, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1818, 233, Massachusetts. 



Alosa lineata, STORER, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., n, 1847, 242, Massachusetts ; STORER, Hist. 

 Fishes Mass., 1G2, 1867. 



Clupea virescens, DE KAY, New York Fauna : Fishes, 242, 1842, New York. 



691. POMOLOBTJS PSEUDOHARENGUS (Wilson). 



(ALEWIFE ; BRANCH HERRING; GASPEREAU ; WALL-EYED HERRING; BIG-EYED HERRING; 



ELLWIFE.) 



Head 4 ; depth 3i ; eye 3*. D. 16 ; A. 19 ; lateral line 50 ; scutes 21 + 14. 

 Body rather deep and compressed, heavy forward. Head short, nearly 

 as deep as long, the profile somewhat steep and slightly depressed 

 above the nostrils. Maxillary extending to posterior margin of pupil. 

 Lower jaw somewhat projecting ; upper jaw emarginate. Eye large, 

 slightly longer than snout. Gill-rakers long, 30 to 40 below the angle of 

 the arch, shorter and stouter than in A. sapidissima. Lower lobe of caudal 

 the longer. Dorsal fin high, a little higher than long, its height 6 in 

 length of body. Bluish above; sides silvery; indistinct dark stripes 

 along the rows of scales ; a blackish spot behind opercle. Peritoneum 

 pale. Atlantic Coast of the United States; abundant; entering streams 

 to spawn ; also landlocked in the lakes of western New York (var. 

 lacU'Stris), and in Lake Ontario where it is excessively abundant and 

 where great multitudes sometimes die in early summer. (r/;ud;/f, false; 

 Jiarengus, herring.) 



Clupea pseudoharengus, WILSON, Rees's Encycl., ix, about 1811, probably Philadelphia. 

 Clupea vernalis* MITCHILL, Kept. Fishes N. Y., 22, 1814, and in Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. N. Y., 



i, 1815, 454, New York. 



Clupea megaloptt, RAFINESQUE, Amer. Monthly Mag., 1818, 206, Delaware River. 

 Meletta venosa, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xx, 374, 1847, New York. 

 Pomolobus pseudoharenyus lacustris, JORDAN, Man. Vert., Ed. i, 265, 1876, Cayuga Lake, New 



York; specimens landlocked. 



Pomolobus pseudoharengus, GILL, Kept. U. S. Fish Comm., i, 1871-72, 811. 

 Pomolobus vernalis, GOODE & BEAN, Bull. Essex Inst., 24, 1879. 

 Clupea vernalis, JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 267, 1883. 



692. POMOLOBUS JESTIYALIS (Mitchill). 



(GLUT HERRING; BLUE-BACK; BLACK-BELLY; SUMMER HERRING; KYACH; SAW-BELLY.) 

 Head 5 ; depth 3|. Similar to the preceding, from which it is best dis- 

 tinguished by the black peritoneum. Body more elongate, the fins lower 

 and the eyes smaller, the back darker. First ray of dorsal not equal to 

 base of fin. Atlantic Coast, appearing later than the preceding; less 

 abundant northward, and less valuable as a food-fish, perhaps ranging 

 farther southward. In the Southern States, more abundant than the 



* According to Dr. Gill, the paper of Alexander Wilson in Rees's Cyclopedia, was published 

 before 1814, the date of Mitchill's name vernalis. See McDonald in Goode, Nat. Hist. Aquat. 

 Anim., 680, 594, 1884. 



