Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 521 



in incredible numbers. They are washed up on the beaches, and in about 



30 days they are hatched. " The beach then becomes a quivering mass of 



eggs and sand," from which the little fishes are borne into the sea by the 



waves, (rillosus, hairy.) 



Clupi-a n77".,f, Mf LLER, Prodr. Zool. Dan., 245, 1777, Greenland. 



Su////.. ((,'// ;i.s, FABRICIUS, Fauna Griinlandira, 177, 1780, Greenland. 



Tallin i iji-<",<l<i>lii-i<ii, BI.OCH, Ichth., viu, pi. 99, 1794, Greenland. 



Salmo soditli*, PALLAS, Zoogr. Ross.-Asiat., in, 389, 1811, Islands between Asia and 



America. 



Oemenu microdon, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xxi, 385, 1848, no locality. 

 MaUalH* rillnxiis, (JCNTiiEK, Cat., vi, 170, 18(36; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 291, 1883; TURNER, 



Contr. Nat. Hist. Alaska, 102, pi. 10, 1886. 



240. THALEICHTHYS, Girard. 



(EULACHON.) 



TImlnclttlnj*, GIRARD, Pac. R. R. Surv., x, Fishes, 325, 1858, (slevensi = pacificus). 



This genus is intermediate between Mallotus and Osmerus, differing from 

 the latter in its rudimentary dentition, and in its small adherent scales. 

 All the teeth are very feeble, slender, and deciduous, although occasion- 

 ally present on all the bones of the mouth ; no permanent teeth on the 

 tongue. Scales are much smaller than in Osmerus, and more closely 

 adherent ; larger than in Mallotus, and similar in the two sexes. Color- 

 ation dusky. Small fishes of the North Pacific, somewhat anadromous, 

 remarkable for their extreme oiliness, the oil being of a very delicate 

 flavor. When dried they have been used as candles. (i?dAa,rich ; IxOvc, 

 fish. 1 ) 



790. THALEICHTHTS PACIFICUS (Richardson). 

 (EULACHON ; CANDLEFISH ; OOLACHAN.) 



Head 4f; depth 6. B. 8 ; D. 11 ; A. 21 ; P. 11; scales 75; pyloric 

 coeca 11 ; vertebrae 70. Body rather elongate, slender, and less compressed 

 than in Osmerus. Head long, blunter than in Hypomesus pretiosus, less 

 compressed, broader, and more convex above. Mouth large, the max- 

 illary rather narrow and long, reaching beyond the middle of the rather 

 small eye; lower jaw projecting. Opercle with strong concentric striae. 

 Gill rakers numerous, rather long and slender. Ventrals large, inserted 

 just in front of dorsal. Pseudobranchite small. Color white, scarcely 

 silvery; upper regions rendered dark iron-gray by the accumulation of 

 dark punctulations. Length 12 inches. Oregon to Alaska, ascending the 

 rivers from Fraser River northward, in enormous numbers in the spring. 

 An excellent pan-fish, unsurpassed by any fish whatsoever in delicacy of 

 flesh, which is far superior to that of the trout. The flesh is very oily, 

 but the oil has a very attractive flavor. It is sometimes extracted and 

 used as a substitute for cod-liver oil. It is, however, solid and lard-like 

 at ordinary temperatures. 



Salmo (Mallotus) pacificus, RICHARDSON, Fauna Bor.-Amer., in, 226, 1836, Columbia River. 

 Thaleichthi/s stevensi, GIBARD, Pac. R. R. Surv., x, 325, pi. 75, figs. 1^, 1858, Puget Sound. 



(Coll. Dr. Suckley.) 

 Thaleichthys pacificus, GUNTHER, Cat., vi, 1C8, 1866; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 292, 1883. 



