Jordan and Ever mann. Fishes of North America. 539 



815. SYNODUS LUCIOCEPS (Ayres). 



Head 4; depth 8i; eye 5. D. 11; A. 12; B. 14; scales 13-66-16 (the 

 vertical series counted obliquely). Scales arranged in regular, very 

 oblique rows ; those on the opercles in about 8, on the cheeks in about 9, 

 rows ; 40 to 50 scales along the back before the dorsal, 6 in a vertical row 

 between adipose fin and lateral line, and 10 in an oblique row. Pectoral 

 fin longer, reaching base of ventrals, its length about equal to that of the 

 premaxillary ; ventral fin not so long as the space between snout and 

 npper edge of gill opening. Interorbital space little concave, nearly 

 smooth. Olive-brown above, grayish below, with some golden luster on 

 sides ; back with slaty reticulations ; head not vermiculated above ; lower 

 side of head and ventral fins yellow. Length 18 inches, but usually much 

 smaller. San Francisco to Santa Barbara, rather common in summer; 

 resembles S. fcetens, but the scales are smaller, (lucius, pike ; -ceps, head.) 

 Sflr(s Incioceps, AYRES, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci., 1855, 66, San Francisco; GtiNTHEU, Cat.,v, 397, 1864. 

 Synodus lucioceps, JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 281, 1883. 



249. BATHYSAURUS, Gunther. 



Bathysaimts, GUNTHER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., August, 1878, 181, (ferox). 



Body formed as in Synodus, subcylindrical, elongate, covered with small 

 scales. Head depressed, with the snout produced, flat above. Cleft of the 

 mouth very wide, with the lower jaw projecting ; premaxillary very long, 

 styliform, tapering, not movable ; maxillary obsolete. Teeth in the jaws 

 in broad bands, not covered by lips, curved, unequal in size, and barbed 

 at the end ; a series of similar teeth along the whole length of each side of 

 the palate ; a few teeth on the tongue, and groups of small teeth on the 

 hyoid ; eye moderate, lateral. Pectoral moderate ; ventrals eight-rayed, 

 inserted close behind pectoral ; dorsal fin median, of about 18 rays ; 

 adipose fin presenter absent; anal moderate; caudal emarginate. Gill 

 openings very wide, the gill membranes separate, free from the isthmus. 

 Branchiostegals 11 or 12. Gill laminae well developed : gill rakers tuber- 

 cular ; pseudobranchitB well developed. Scales rather small. Deep-sea 

 fishes. ((3a0{>c , deep ; aavpos, Saurus = Synodus.) 



816. BATHYSAURUS FEROX, Gunther. 



Head 33; depth 7. B. 10; D. 17 or 18; A. 11; C. 19; P. 15; A. 8; scales 

 8-74 to 78-8. Body elongate, subterete. Head alligator-like, naked, 

 except on cheek and occiput, with strong nasal and interorbital ridges; 

 its greatest width more than half its length ; gape of mouth very wide, 

 ^ length of body, extending behind eye for a distance equal to interor- 

 bital width. Premaxillary with 2 irregular rows of depressible teeth, 

 some of them barbed, those of inner row much the largest ; lower jaw 

 enormously strong, its sides projecting beyond the upper jaw ; its dentary 

 edge thickly studded with depressible teeth, many of them, especially the 

 larger inner ones, strongly barbed ; those in front, claw-like, recurved ; 

 3 rows of teeth on the palatines, the middle ones very much enlarged 

 and most of them strongly barbed, these being the largest of all the teeth; 

 on the tongue a few weaker teeth and groups of similar teeth on the 



