

584 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



cleft of mouth very wide, oblique, extending behind the eye. Lower 

 jaw strongly projecting. Intermaxillary comparatively long, forming 

 about half of margin of upper jaw. Upper jaw with a single row of 

 teeth in the maxillary, and a double row in the intermaxillary, inter- 

 spersed with occasional stronger teeth; those in the intermaxillary 

 directed downward or backward, those in the maxillary somewhat for- 

 ward; mandible with double row of small teeth, outer row with some 

 larger ones; a row of short, weak teeth on the palatines; head of 

 vomer with- a short fang on either side. Eye moderate; gill openings 

 very wide, the membranes free from the isthmus. Gill rakers not very 

 numerous, rather short and stout. Pseudobranchise none. Branchioste- 

 gals numerous, 14. No air bladder. Dorsal and anal well developed, 

 the former far in advance, its posterior rays over the origin of anal ; no 

 adipose fin; caudal moderately forked. (Named for William Yarrell, 

 1789-1856, an eminent ichthyologist, who wrote on the fishes of 

 England.) 



876. YARRELL A BLACKFORDI, Goodo & Bean. 



Head 4|; depth 7|; eye 7. D. 15; A. 27; V. 6. Body elongate. Eye 

 moderate, its diameter f of snout ; maxillary extending far behind the eye, 

 its length equal to that of postorbital part of the head. Grill rakers 

 6 + 13, the longest about as long as the eye. Branchiostegals 14. Dor- 

 sal origin a little nearer root of caudal than tip of snout, nearly 

 over middle of space between ventral and anal, its posterior ray over 

 seventh ray of anal ; distance of ventral origin from tip of snout 

 contained 2J times in total (without caudal), its rays imperfect, the longest 

 only about length of head; pectoral placed low, on a narrow base. 

 Scales have evidently been present, and of considerable size, but their 

 character and number can not be ascertained from the specimens examined. 



Color purplish brown; 9 phosphorescent spots on the isthmus, 25 

 between the symphysis of the mandible and the root of ventral, 12 

 between the origin of ventral and vent, and 26 from vent to tail ; a 

 second row of pearly spots extends from above root of pectoral to origin 

 of anal. 



The type obtained by the Albatross from station 2376, at a depth of 324 

 fathoms. Two other specimens, the larger one 9| inches in length, taken 

 at the same place. (Named for Eugene G. Blackford, president of the 

 board of fish commissioners of the State of New York.) 



Yarrella blackfordi, GOODE & BEAN, Oceanic Ichthyology, 103, fig. 121, 1895, Gulf Stream at 

 29 03' 15" N., 88 16' W. (Type, No. 44242. Coll. Albatross.) 



277. CHAULIODUS, Bloch & Schneider. 

 ( VIPER-FISHES.) 



Chaulwdus, BLOCK & SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 430, 1801, (sloanei). 

 Leptodes, SWAINSON, Nat. Hist. Anim., n, 298, 1839, (sloanei). 



Body elongate, compressed, covered with very thin deciduous scales of 

 moderate size; lower side of head, body, and tail with series of lumi- 

 nous spots. Head short, much compressed and elevated, the bones thin 



