588 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



bb. Body naked. 



c. Pectorals with separate ray; vomer with teeth; teeth iu jaws long, depressible; 

 palatines with teeth. ECHIOSTOMA, 280. 



re. Pectorals normal; vomer toothless; dorsal and anal similar in size and opposite; 

 teeth fang-like; pigment spots in place of lateral line; eye small. 



GRAMMATOSTOMIAS, 281. 

 PHOTONECTINJF. : 



oa. Pectorals absent; body naked; dorsal inserted behind vent. PHOTONECTES, 282. 



279. STOMIAS, Cuvier. 



Stomiaa, CUVIER, Regne Animal, Ed. 1, 184, 1817, (boa). 



Body elongate, compressed, covered with exceedingly fine, decidu- 

 ous scales, which are scarcely imbricated, lying in subhexagonal depres- 

 sions in the skin. Head compressed, the snout very short and the cleft 

 of the mouth extremely large. Mouth oblique, the lower jaw projecting. 

 Teeth pointed, unequal, those of the premaxillaries and mandible very 

 large; maxillary with fine teeth; vomer with a pair of fangs ; palatines 

 and tongue with smaller pointed teeth. Eye moderate. Opercular por- 

 tion of the head short ; a large fleshy barbel suspended from the hyoid 

 region. Vent far back. Dorsal comparatively long, far back, opposite 

 the anal ; pectorals and ventrals rather small and short, the latter far 

 back ; caudal fin moderate. Lower side of head, body, and tail with 

 series of luminous spots. Gill openings very wide ; no pyloric cocoa. 

 Singular fishes of the deep sea; 3 species now known, (stomias, " mouthy," 

 from o-rofj.a, mouth.) 



. Head 10 times in length of body; ventrals not produced. FEROX, 882. 



aa. Head 8 times in length of body; ventrals much produced. AFFINIS, 883. 



882. STOMIAS FEROX, Reinhardt. 



Head 10 ; depth 12. D. 17 ; A. 21 ; P. 6 ; V. 6. Barbel longer than head, 

 tapering and not fringed at tip. Pectorals and ventrals not produced; 

 caudal rounded. Color black. (Giinther.) Greenland and southward; 

 abundant in deep waters of the Gulf Stream from Bahama Channel to the 

 Grand Banks in 500 to 600 fathoms, (ferox, ferocious.) 



Stomias feror, REINHARDT, Vidensk. Selsk. Naturv., etc., x, 77, 1842, Greenland; GUNTHER, 

 Cat., v, 426, 1864; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 286, 1883; GOODE &BEAN, Oceanic Ichthy- 

 ology, 107, 1895. 



883. STOMIAS AFFINIS, GUnther. 



Head 8; depth 12. D. 17; A. 20. Scaleless, but the hexagonal divis- 

 ions of the skin distinct. Teeth fixed. Barbel about as long as head, 

 ending in 3 filaments ; end of stem of barbel white, probably luminous, 

 and with a black pigment spot. Pectorals and ventrals narrow and 

 elongate, the ventrals ending in a filament reaching beyond front of anal ; 

 anal higher than dorsal. Each of the abdominal series of photophores 

 with 43 spots between pectoral and ventral ; 6 between ventrals and anal, 

 and 15 or 16 between front of anal and caudal ; a parallel series runs 

 below, and a third above middle of side of body. Fins white; dorsal, 

 anal, and ventral with black margins. One specimen taken south of 

 Sombrero Islands, in 450 fathoms. (Giinther.) (affinis, related.) 

 Stomias affinis, GUNTHER, Deep-Sea Fishes, Challenger, xxn, 205, pl.Liv, fig. A, 1887, Sombrero 

 Islands, West Indies. 



